US History II > Ch 25 > Flashcards

Ch 25 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

This man was the army chief of staff general who pushed for the WAAC

A

George Marshall

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2
Q

This allowed for women volunteers in non combat positions

A

Women’s auxiliary army corps

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3
Q

This man founded the brotherhood of sleeping car porters

A

A. Phillip Randolph

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4
Q

What is Randolph known for?

A

Being a black labor leader who pushed FDR to call on employers to not discriminate

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5
Q

How did FDR bring scientists into the war effort?

A

The office of scientific research and development (OSRD, 1941)

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6
Q

This was the program to develop and atomic bomb during WWII-started at Columbia university

A

The manhattan project

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7
Q

This was an agency established by congress to control inflation by freezing prices

A

Office of price administration (OPA)

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8
Q

How did OPA do it’s job?

A

Raising taxes to reduce demand and disposable income, and encouraging people to buy war bonds

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9
Q

This is the fixed allotment of goods to ensure supplies for the military

A

Rationing

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10
Q

This is an agency established to coordinate the production of military supplies by US industries

A

War production board

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11
Q

This is when hitler used u-boats to make sure goods did not reach Britain or the USSR

A

Battle of the Atlantic

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12
Q

This was the attack on the major industrial center of the Volga river

A

Battle of Stalingrad

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13
Q

Why was hitler interested in Stalingrad?

A

Oil fields in the Caucasus mountains

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14
Q

When did Stalingrad start?

A

August 1942

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15
Q

How did the Russians win Stalingrad?

A

They brought tanks across frozen rivers and trapped them

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16
Q

When did the Germans surrender in Stalingrad?

A

January 1943-1 million soviets died defending the city

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17
Q

This was the plan to attack North Africa in November 1942, landing and pushing west

A

Operation torch

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18
Q

This man was the general who commanded operation torch

A

Dwight D. Eisenhower

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19
Q

What ended up happening in operation torch?

A

Erwin Rammel )desert fox) was chased and defeated in may 1943

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20
Q

What was the importance of Stalingrad?

A

It was the turning point of the war- afterwards, the USSR army pushed westward

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21
Q

When did Sicily fall to the US?

A

Summer 1943

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22
Q

When and why did Italy fall?

A

1945, because hitler was determined not to let it fall but it did when Germany was almost defeated

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23
Q

This was a highly decorated black squadron in WWII

A

Tuskegee airmen

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24
Q

This is a Japanese American squadron, most decorated in history

A

442nd regiment

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25
This was the plan to invade France and free western Europe
Operation Overlord
26
Where was the Overlord attack planned?
Normandy
27
How was Hitler thrown off with Overlord?
Phantom army and fake radio messages
28
This was the day when the attack to liberate France was executed- the largest land-sea-air operation ever
D-Day, June 6, 1944
29
How many troops landed in Normandy with supplies?
1 million after a month
30
This man initiated a July 1944 bombardment at St. Lo providing a gap in German defenses for the 3rd army to reach the Seine River (Paris)
General Omar Bradley
31
This man was the leader of the 3rd army and liberated Paris after 4 years of occupation (Aug. 25)
George Patton
32
When did the Allies free France, Belgium, and Luxembourg?
September 1944
33
When was FDR elected for a 4th term?
11/1944
34
This was the last ditched major German offensive of the war, lasting 1 month
Battle of the Bulge-December 1944
35
What did Hitler hope to do at the Battle of the Bulge?
Split US and British forces to cut off supply lines
36
When did the Soviets reach berlin?
April 1945
37
THis is the Victory in Europe Day
V-E Day, May 8, 1945
38
When did FDR die and how?
He had a stroke on April 12, 1945
39
This man was the 33rd president
Harry S. Truman, Dem, 1945-1953
40
This man was the commander of the Allies, forced to flee in the philippines in early 1942
Gen. Douglas MacArthur
41
This was a daring attack on Tokyo by 16 bombers in April 1942
Doolittle's raid
42
This was a 5 day battle stopping Japanese movement to Australia
Battle of the Coral Sea-May 1942
43
What was the significance of the Battle of the Coral sea?
1st time since Pearl Harbor that the Japs had been stopped
44
This was a battle in a strategic island N of hawaii
Battle of Midway-June 1942
45
How did we know that the Battle of Midway was coming?
We broke Japanese code
46
What is significant about Midway?
It was the turning point of the war in the pacific
47
THis man commanded the naval force in the Pacific
Admiral Chester Nimitz
48
This was the 1st offensive in the soloma islands and the first Japanese defeat on land
Battle of Guadacanal- 8/7/1942-2/1943
49
This was when MacArthur returned to the Philippines after 2 years
Leyte Island-Oct 1944
50
THis is a suicide plan meany divine wind used at Leyte Island
Kamikaze
51
This was a strategic island where bombers could reach the Japanese mainland
Iwo Jima (2/45-3/45)
52
This was the largest amphibious assault in the pacific and the deadliest in the Pacific
Okinawa-2-3 1945 (82 days)
53
THis man was the American scientist who directed bomb research
J. Robert Oppenheimer
54
This city was the japanese military center that had been bombed
Hiroshima- Aug 6, 1945
55
How was the Hiroshima bomb operation carried out?
B-29 "Enola Gay" dripped the bomb named "Little Boy"
56
What was a nisei?
a 1st gen of American-born Japanese. 2/3 of people in the internment
57
When was Nagasaki bombed? What was that bomb's name?
Aug 9, 1945. Fat Man
58
How many people died from atomic blasts?
200,000-both by the end of the year
59
When is Victory in Japan Day
Aug 14, 1945
60
When and where did Hirohito surrender?
Sept 2, 1945 on battleship Missouri
61
When did European reconstruction begin?
Feb 1945
62
This was when FDR, Stalin, and Churchill met to make war concessions
Yalata Conference
63
What did FDR ask Stalin to do at Yalata?
Wage war in the pacific and support the UN
64
How was germany divided?
4 zones-US, USSR, Brit, and French
65
What did Stalin promise for Poland and occupied Eastern European countries?
Elections
66
This was the court proceeding from 1945-1946 in which 24 nazi leaders were tried for war crimes
Nuremberg Trials
67
How allowed farmers to prosper?
New technology and demand
68
This provided veterans with money for homes, businesses, education, and training
GI Bill-Servicemen's Readjustment Act
69
This man was a civil rights leader and founder of CORE
James Farmer
70
This was an organization to confront urban segregation in the north
Congress of Racial Equality
71
What was a zoot suit?
a young mexican fashion-pleated pants and a long jacket
72
This was a week long riot in LA in the summer of 1943
Zoot Suit Riot
73
This was the confiement of 1444 Japanese Americans in Hawaii
Internment
74
What removed 110,000 Japanese Americans from their homes in the west cost?
FDR's 1942 requirement ordering them to be removed to relocation centers
75
This pressured the gov't to give money for property lost in internment, paying out $20,000 checks in 1990
Japanese American Citizens League
US History II
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