Social cognition
the ways we think about ourselves and the social world, how we select, interpret, remember, and use social information
automatic thinking/ low effort
effortless thinking that happens unintentionally
schemas
mental structures that organize our knowledge about the social world that we typically believe are right in our eyes. we make assumptions about everything with them
accessibility (schemas)
bringing schemas to the front of our minds to use quickly
priming schemas
a type of automatic thinking that involves using recent experiences to increase the accessibility of a schema, trait, or concept
self-fulfilling prophecy
a type of automatic thinking that uses schemas to come true when we have a certain expectation of how something will play out or what someone is like
judgmental heuristics
mental shortcuts used to make judgments quickly. not always accurate
base rate information
information about the relative frequency of members of different categories in a population
hollisitc vs analytic thinking
hollisitc - looking at the entire context of something and how things within it relate to each other (more common in asia)
analytic - looking at the properties of objects without taking into account the entire context (more common in western cultures)
controlled thinking
thinking that is conscious and voluntary
counterfactual thinking
thinking about how events in the past could have played out differently
planning fallacy
tendency to think that something will take much less time than it actually will even if that same thing has taken more time in the past
anchoring adjustment
judgment strategy used for when someone adjusts their answer based on a starting value (anchor)
