Ch. 30

Question 1

Seed plants that have evolved cones (male and female) to carry their reproductive structures;
“naked seed”

EX. pine trees

Answer 1

gymnosperms

Question 2

Has vascular system (i.e. roots, xylem, phloem)

EX. coniferophyta, cyacadophyta, gingkophyta, gnetophyta

Answer 2

gymnosperms

Question 3

Major distinguishing factor b/w gymnosperms and angiosperms

Answer 3

naked seed

Question 4

___ and ___ on gymnosperms develop on the scaled of cones rather than in enclosed chambers called ovaries

Answer 4

ovules; seeds

Question 5

Dominant plant of gymnosperms, having needle-like leaves and living in areas where weather is cold and dry

Answer 5

conifers

Question 6

Live in warm climates, have large compound leaves, and are unusual b/c they are pollinated by beetles rather than wind

Answer 6

cycads

Question 7

Only remaining species of the Gingkophyta; usually resistant to pollution

Answer 7

Gingko biloba

Question 8

Gymnosperms believed to be most closely related to angiosperms b/c of the presence of vessel elements within their stems

Answer 8

gnetophytes

Question 9

Flowering plants–> classified based on characteristics that include cotyledon structure, pollen grains, flower and vascular tissue arrangement

EX. dicot

Answer 9

angiosperms

Question 10

Flowering plants divided into ___ and ___

Answer 10

monocot; eudicot (dicot)

Question 11

Flower is there to help the __ get fertilized

Answer 11

eggs

Question 12

Ovary matures into a __

Answer 12

fruit

Question 13

Fruit is an ___ that plants have to use animals to disperse their seeds

Answer 13

adaptation

Question 14

A dicot is a ___

Answer 14

angiosperm

Question 15

Is sperm or eggs bigger?

Answer 15

eggs

Question 16

Microsporangium makes ___

Answer 16

sperm

Question 17

Macrosporangium makes ___

Answer 17

gametes

Question 18

Microspore ___

Answer 18

divides

Question 19

Generative cell divides and makes __ sperm

Answer 19

2

Question 20

In angiosperm life cycle, two sperm are made because one sperm the ___ which is a diploid zygote

Answer 20

egg

Question 21

The other sperm in the angiosperm life cycle fertilizes the ___ cell making it triploid

Answer 21

central

Question 22

The second sperm produces the ___ which is a food source for developing embryo

Answer 22

endosperm

Question 23

The tube cell ___ interspecies fertilization

Answer 23

reduces

Question 24

Tube cell is ___ specific

Answer 24

species

Question 25

the human body produces ___ cells which are pairs of homologous chromosomes

Answer 25

diploid

Question 26

____ produces 2 diploid daughter cells

Answer 26

mitosis

Question 27

___ produces 4 daughter nuclei (1 member of each homologous pair, which is haploid

Answer 27

meiosis

Question 28

eggs and sperm are ___

Answer 28

gametes

Question 29

Gametes are produced from ___

Answer 29

mitosis

Question 30

diploid to haploid (i.e. spores)

Answer 30

meiosis

Question 31

haploid to diploid (i.e. humans)

Answer 31

fertilization

Question 32

Plants are ___ cells (i.e. spores)

Answer 32

haploid

Question 33

___ cell that produces spores is sporophyte

Answer 33

diploid

Question 34

Sexually reproducing animals and plants use meiosis which produces ___ cells

Answer 34

haploid

Question 35

Egg, spores, and gametophyte are ___ structures

Answer 35

haploid

Question 36

Mosses ___ are the dominant stage

Answer 36

gametophyte

Question 37

Ferns ___ is the dominant stage

Answer 37

sporophyte

Question 38

green algae most closely related to land plants

Answer 38

charophyceans

Question 39

Flowering plants that are most closely related to gymnosperms

Answer 39

angiosperms

Question 40

Dominated during dinosaur era

Answer 40

gymnosperms

Question 41

Ferns are what kind of plants?

Answer 41

seedless vascular

Question 42

Most similar to first plants to bear gametangia

Answer 42

bryophytes

Question 43

most common seed plants

Answer 43

flowers

Question 44

algae and seed plant commodities are ___ and ___

Answer 44

cells walls; chloroplasts

Question 45

Most important in enabling first plants to move into land is the development of ___ to prevent desiccation of spores

Answer 45

sporopollenin

Question 46

Alternation of multicellular generations are __ in plants' closest relatives

Answer 46

absent

Question 47

in the life cycle of plants, ___ is dependent on its ___ parent

Answer 47

sporophyte; gametophyte

Question 48

The body of most fungi is ___ (threadlike), which form network ___

Answer 48

hyphae; mycelium

Question 49

Heterotrophic; absorbs nutrients

Answer 49

fungi

Question 50

autotrophic; photosynthetic

Answer 50

plants

Question 51

helps plants take up nutrients and water

Answer 51

mycorrhizae

Question 52

close relative of fungi

Answer 52

animals

Question 53

What is so different in the offspring in sexual reproduction as opposed to asexual?

Answer 53

sexually reproduced offspring is more adaptable to changes in environment

Question 54

fusion of 2 gametes to form diploid zygote

Answer 54

fertilization

Question 55

multicellular haploid form of protist that shows alternation of generations

Answer 55

gametophyte

Question 56

mediates attachment of spores to surface on which to grow

Answer 56

holdfast

Question 57

___ cells are produced by meiosis of diploid cells

Answer 57

haploid

Question 58

gametophytes produce cells that undergo mitosis to produce gametes that fuse to form zygote

Answer 58

haploid to diploid

Question 59

Most fungi are ___, and they produce ___ spores

Answer 59

decomposers; haploid

Question 60

Fungi release their digestive enzymes into their ___

Answer 60

surroundings

Question 61

produces diploid zygote

Answer 61

karyogamy

Question 62

fusion of hyphae

Answer 62

plasmogamy

Question 63

2 haploid nuclei are produced in the ___ stage of fungal cycle

Answer 63

heterokaryotic

Question 64

Cup fungi is ___

Answer 64

ascomycota

Question 65

___ are involved in asexual reproduction in fungi

Answer 65

condiophores

Question 66

Plants depend on ___ as mutualistic symbionts

Answer 66

fungi

Question 67

Plants are harmed by fungal ___

Answer 67

pathogens

Question 68

Stage in fungi that generate genetic variation

Answer 68

transient diploid state

Question 69

Diploid generation of plant life cycle always produces ___

Answer 69

spores

Question 70

fertilized egg develops into sporophyte in ___ plants

Answer 70

seedless

Question 71

Gametes are produced by mitosis

Answer 71

mosses and ferns

Question 72

diploid sporophyte develops from ___ that was produced when haploid sperm fertilized haploid egg

Answer 72

zygote

Question 73

conspicuous part of fern

Answer 73

diploid sporophyte

Question 74

___ antheridia produce sperm

Answer 74

moss

Question 75

sperm produced by mosses require ___ to reach archegonium

Answer 75

moisture