1
Q
The periodic table organizes 118 elements into groups with similar properties and places them in order of increasing ____ ____.
A
atomic mass
2
Q
Group 1A
A
Alkali metals
3
Q
Group 2A
A
Alkali Earth metals
4
Q
Group 3 - 12
A
Transition elements
5
Q
Group 8A
A
noble gases
6
Q
Group 7A
A
Halogens
7
Q
B diagonal down to At; down to TS and up diagonal to Ge
A
Metalloids
8
Q
Letter A is for
A
representative elements
9
Q
Letter B is for
A
transition elements
10
Q
- shiny and ductile (conduct heat and electricity)
- are solids (except Hg mercury)
A
metals
11
Q
- dull, brittle, and poor conductors, but good insulators
- low densities and melting points
A
non metals
12
Q
- have properties of metals and nonmetals
- are better conductors than nonmetals
- are used as semiconductors and insulators, because they can be modified
A
metalloids
13
Q
Densities and melting points are higher for
A
metals
14
Q
four major elements of the human body that make up 96% of our mass
A
C, N, O, H
15
Q
most of our hydrogen and oxygen is found as
A
water; which makes up 55-60% of our mass
16
Q
Ca, P, K, Cl, S, Na, and Mg
A
Macrominerals
17
Q
the Macrominerals
A
Ca, P, K, Cl, S, Na, and Mg
18
Q
- the formation of bones and teeth.
- maintenance of heart and blood vessels, muscle contraction, nerve impulses, and acid–base balance of body fluids.
- regulation of cellular metabolism.
A
Macrominerals
19
Q
of all the elements, ___ are essential for the well-being and survival of the human body
A
20
20
Q
all atoms of an element have the same number of protons and the same _____ _____
A
atomic number
21
Q
For neutral atoms, the net charge is zero…. so, __ = ___
A
number of protons = number of electrons
22
Q
• represents the number of particles in the nucleus.
• is equal to the number of protons + the number of
neutrons.
• is always a whole number.
• the mass of a single atom does not appear in the periodic table.
A
The mass number
23
Q
only element without a neutron?
A
hydrogen (atomic # and mass # = 1)
24
Q
Number of protons =
A
atomic number
25
Number of protons + neutrons =
mass number
26
The energy of an electron is quantized—
electrons can have only specific energy values.
27
• Electrons with the same energy are grouped in the
| same energy level.
```
• Energy levels are assigned values called principal
quantum numbers (n), (n = 1, n = 2, …).
```
28
The order of sublevels in an energy level is
s - p - d - f
29
The number of sublevels in an energy level is equal to
| the _________ of that energy level.
principal quantum number n
30
n=1
s sublevel only
31
n=2
s + p
32
n=3
s+p+d
33
pauli exlusion principle states that
• each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons.
• electrons in the same orbital repel each other.
• electrons in the same orbital must have their magnetic
spins cancel (they must spin in opposite directions).
34
• Each s sublevel has one orbital and can hold a maximum of
two electrons.
35
• Each p sublevel has three orbitals and can hold a
| maximum of
six electrons.
36
• Each d sublevel has five orbitals and can hold a
| maximum of
10 electrons.
37
• Each f sublevel has 7 orbitals and can hold a maximum
| of
14 electrons.
38
Atomic size increases?
Down and Left
39
_____ are the electrons in the outermost
| energy level.
Valence electrons
40
electrons in the D or f sub level are not....
valence electrons
41
atomic size is determined by ____ ___, the distance between the nucleus and the ______
atomic radius; outermost electrons.
42
why does atomic size decrease down the period?
increased number of protons in the nucleus.
43
_____ is the energy required to remove one of the outermost electrons.
Ionization energy
44
As the distance from the nucleus to the valence
| electrons increases, the ionization energy _____
decreases
45
the ionization energy is ____ for metals and ___ for the nonmetals
low; high
46
ionization energy increases
up and right
47
An element with ____ _____ is one that loses valence electrons easily.
metallic character
48
An element with ____ _____ is one that loses valence electrons easily.
metallic character
49
metallic character ____ down a group
increases (electrons are farther from the group)
50
Metallic character increases
down and left
51
n=4
s+p+d+f
52
an element with little or no luster that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
nonmetal
53
an element that is shiny, malleable, ductile, and a good conductor of heat and electricity
metal
54
group number 3 - 12
transition element
55
an arrangement of elements by increasing atomic number
periodic table
56
a one or two letter abbreviation that represents the name of an element
chemical signal
57
the number of protons in a given element
atomic number
58
the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
neutral atom
59
the total number of protons and neutrons
mass number
60
indicates the energy levels
principal quantum numbers (n)
61
contain electrons of similar energies, and increase in order of energy (n = 1 < 2 < 3 < 4 < 5 < 6 < 7 )
principal quantum numbers
62
region around the nucleus in which an electron with a specific energy is most likely to be found. Hint: Each ____ holds a maximum of two electrons
orbital
63
a _ orbital is spherical
s
64
a _ orbital has two lobes along the axis
p
65
complex shapes for orbitals
d and f
66
the group number of a representative element gives
the number of valence electrons in the atoms of that group
67
a list of the number of electrons in each sublevel within an atom, arranged by increasing energy
electron configuration
68
contains electrons of identical energy
sublevel
69
the measure of how easily an element loses a valence electron
ionization energy
70
the electrons in the highest energy level of an atom
valence electrons
71
a region around the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found
orbital
72
Dalton's Atomic Theory
1. All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms
2. All atoms of a given element are the same and different from atoms of other elements
3. Atoms of two or more different elements combine to form compounds. A particular compound is always made up of the same kinds of atoms and the same number of each kind of atom.
4. A chemical reaction involves the rearrangement, separation, or combination of atoms. Atoms are neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
73
smallest particle that retains the characteristics of an element
atom
74
masses of about 1 amu, are found in the nucleus
protons and neutrons
75
masses of electrons compared to protons and neutrons
electron masses are much smaller
76
Is most of the mass inside or outside the nucleus?
Inside
Biochemistry Exam 4
flashcards
Decks in class (19)
# Cards
-
Ch's 1, 2 & 351
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Ch. 476
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Ch. 626
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Ch. 731
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Ch. 977
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Ch. 1062
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Exam 2 - Chapter 1165
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Exam 2 - Chapter 1241
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Exam 2 - Chapter 1319
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Exam 2 - Chapter 140
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Exam 2 - Chapter 1532
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Exam 2 - Chapter 1626
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Exam 4 - Ch 2491
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Exam 4 - Chp. 22 - Metabolism131
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Exam 4 ch. 23 Citric Acid Cycle77
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Exam 4 - Integrated Metabolism (STUDY SLIDES)141
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Exam 4 - Cell Signaling0
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Exam 4 - Integrated Metabolism0
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Exam 4 - POSSIBLE REVIEW INFO from 22416
