- Which condition is the least likely cause of amenorrhea in a 17–year–old client?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- When a nurse is counseling a woman for primary dysmenorrhea, which nonpharmacologic intervention might be recommended?
Using a heating pad on the abdomen to relieve cramping
- Nafarelin (Synarel) is used to treat mild–to–severe endometriosis. What instruction or information should the nurse provide to a client regarding nafarelin administration?
It can cause the client to experience some hot flashes and vaginal dryness.
- While interviewing a 31-year-old woman before her routine gynecologic examination, the nurse collects data about the client’s recent menstrual cycles. Which statement by the client should prompt the nurse to collect further information?
“My flow is very heavy.”
- A 21–year–old client complains of severe pain immediately after the commencement of her menses. Which gynecologic condition is the most likely cause of this client’s presenting complaint?
Primary dysmenorrhea
- Which symptom described by a client is characteristic of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?
“I feel irritable and moody a week before my period is supposed to start.”
- A client complains of severe abdominal and pelvic pain around the time of menstruation. This pain has become progressively worse over the last 5 years. She also complains of pain during intercourse and has tried unsuccessfully to become pregnant for the past 18 months. To which condition are these symptoms most likely related?
Endometriosis
- Which menopausal discomfort would the nurse anticipate when evaluating a woman for signs and symptoms of the climacteric?
Hot flashes
- Which risk factor would the nurse recognize as being frequently associated with osteoporosis?
Cigarette smoking
- A perimenopausal client has arrived for her annual gynecologic examination. Which preexisting condition would be extremely important for the nurse to identify during a discussion regarding the risks and benefits of hormone therapy?
Breast cancer
- Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is defined as excessive uterine bleeding without a demonstrable cause. Which statement regarding this condition is most accurate?
DUB is most commonly caused by anovulation.
- The female athlete triad includes which common menstrual disorder?
Amenorrhea
- Which system responses would the nurse recognize as being unrelated to prostaglandin (PGF2) release?
Genitourinary system
- Which statement concerning cyclic perimenstrual pain and discomfort (CPPD) is accurate?
PMS is a complex, poorly understood condition that may include any of a hundred symptoms.
- To assist a client in managing the symptoms of PMS, what should the nurse recommend based on current evidence?
Herbal therapies, yoga, and massage
- Which statement related to the condition of endometriosis is most accurate?
Endometriosis may worsen with repeated cycles or remain asymptomatic and disappear after menopause.
- Which alteration in cyclic bleeding best describes bleeding that occurs at any time other than menses?
Metrorrhagia
- Management of primary dysmenorrhea often requires a multifaceted approach. Which pharmacologic therapy provides optimal pain relief for this condition?
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- A client has requested information regarding alternatives to hormonal therapy for menopausal symptoms. Which current information should the nurse provide to the client? (Select all that apply.)
Soy
Vitamin E
- Which suggestions are appropriate for a client who complains of hot flashes? (Select all that apply.)
Avoid caffeine.
Wear layered clothing.
- Which medications can be taken by postmenopausal women to treat and/or prevent osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)
Calcium
Fosamax
Actonel
Calcitonin
- Which statement(s) might the nurse appropriately include when teaching a client about calcium intake for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)
“Tums are the most soluble form of calcium.”
“You should take calcium with vitamin D because the vitamin D helps your body better absorb calcium.”
- Nurses are in an ideal position to educate clients who experience PMDD. What self-help activities have been documented as helpful in alleviating the symptoms of PMDD? (Select all that apply.)
Regular exercise
Improved nutrition
Smoking cessation
Oil of evening primrose
Herbal preparations have long been used for the management of menstrual problems, including dysmenorrhea, cramping and discomfort, and breast pain. For the nurse to counsel adequately the client who elects to use this alternative modality, understanding the action of these herbal preparations is important. Match the herbal medicine with the appropriate action.
- Fennel, dong quai - Uterotonic
- Chaste tree fruit -
Decreases prolactin levels - Black cohosh root -
Estrogen-like luteinizing hormone suppressant - Valerian, wild yam -
Uterine antispasmodic - Ginger - antiinflammatory
