Ch. 7 - Memory Systems

Question 1

The Atkinson-Shiffrin Model

Answer 1

Sensory memory -> short term memory -> long term memory

Question 2

Stores

Answer 2

Retain info in memory without using it for any specific purpose

Question 3

Control process

Answer 3

Shift info from one memory to another

Question 4

Sensory memory (2)

Answer 4

• memory store that accurately holds perceptual info for a very brief amount of time
• whole report task, partial report task

Question 5

Attention interacts with sensory memory

Answer 5

To allow for continuous perceptions

Question 6

‘Spotlight of attention’

Answer 6

Allows some sensory info to be transferred to STM

Question 7

Change blindness

Answer 7

Occurs when info is outside this spotlight

Question 8

Short-term memory (STM) (2)

Answer 8

• a memory store with limited capacity and duration (<1 min)

- able to hold 7+/- 2 items or chunks in STM

Question 9

Chunking

Answer 9

Organizing smaller units of info into larger, more meaningful units

Question 10

Long-term memory (LTM)

Answer 10

Memory store that holds into for extended periods of time

Question 11

Encoding

Answer 11

Process of storing info into memory traces

Question 12

Retrieval

Answer 12

Brings info from LTM back to STM

Question 13

How are memories organized

Answer 13

According to ‘similarity’

Question 14

Serial position effect (evidence for separate memory stores) (3)

Answer 14

• tendency to recall earlier and later times from a list
• primacy and recency effects
• proactive interference > < retroactive interference

Question 15

Evidence for separate memory store (2)

Answer 15

• rapid presentation of list disrupts primacy effect, whereas delayed recall of list disrupts recency effect
• neuroimaging studies: hippocampus vs sensory info areas and brain damage differentially affects STM and LTM