Ch. 7.1-7.2 Microevolution

Question 1

What is evolution?

Answer 1

the change in the inherited traits in a population of organisms over time

Question 2

What is Ecology?

Answer 2

how organisms live in their environment

Question 3

What is Adaptation?

Answer 3

changes in the regulation of gene expression to
suit a particular environment

Question 4

What is natural selection VISTA?

Answer 4

Variation, Inheritance, Selection, Time and Adaptation

Question 5

What is the survival of the fittest?

Answer 5

individuals that are born with traits that are most beneficial for that
particular environment will survive, reproduce, and pass on their
DNA

Question 6

What is the selective pressure?

Answer 6

evolutionary force that causes a particular phenotype to be more favorable in certain environmental condition

Question 7

What are the examples of selective pressure?

Answer 7

1. Resource availability 2.Environmental condition 3.Biological factors

Question 8

Explain the timeline of Darwin’s Theory

Answer 8

1. Genetic variation exists in individuals in a population—different
   alleles
2. DNA changes that occur in the gametes (sperm and eggs, spores,
   or pollen, etc.) are passed on to the offspring (heritable)
3. All populations produce more offspring than will survive (even
   humans)
4. The offspring that survive have DNA that allows them to survive in
   their present environment–>evolutionary advantage due to
   natural selection
5. Those offspring will survive to reproduce (and they will also end
   up with DNA changes that may or may not be present in their
   germ cells–> b/c some mutations are not heritable)
6. Over long periods of time, a population will gradually change; this
   is microevolution

Question 9

What is microevolution?

Answer 9

small changes within a population over time

Question 10

What is macroevolution?

Answer 10

large-scale changes that give rise to a new species

Question 11

What is over-reproduction?

Answer 11

ensuring that some will
survive any given environmen

Question 12

Who is it that invented theory of evolution before Darwin?

Answer 12

Lamarck

Question 13

What was Lamarck’s idea of evolution?

Answer 13

According to Lamarck, individuals pass on to their offspring the body
and behavioural changes they acquire during their lives
For example, giraffes supposedly evolved long necks because
ancestral giraffes tended to stretch their necks, and this neck
extension was passed on to subsequent generation

Question 14

What is Epigenetic?

Answer 14

the inheritance of traits that does not involve a change in the DNA
sequence

Question 15

What is antibiotic resistance?

Answer 15

example of microevolution in bacteria, which now is a healthcare concern because people do take antibiotics

Question 16

What is selection pressure?

Answer 16

The pressure that drives selective pressure
For example, predetors in nature, antibiotics

Question 17

What is artificial selection?

Answer 17

Domesticated animals evolved through selective breeding for certain
traits that breeders preferred
For example, various dogs