Why is access to communication so vital?
This is the primary way relationships are formed and maintained
Contextual Environment- 2 Examples
- The physical location where the interaction is taking place
- The personal history each participant brings to the event
Examples of non-verbal aspects of a message
- facial expressions
- gestures
-body posture
-vocal tones
(etc)
Contextual Environment: 4 types of noise and examples of each
- External: Flickering of overhead lights/Insessent coughing
- Physical: (see external)
- Physiological: Illness/Exhaustion
- Psychological: Internal stress/Intrusive thoughts/Personal judgements
Name 5 Linguistic Registers and provide examples of where /when they would be utilized
- Frozen: Remains the same whenever utilized (wedding/Funeral)
- Formal: Used when a single speaker(typically) addresses a large audience with virtually no turn taking(Presidential Inaguration)
- Consultative: When one of the parties has expert status in the discussion but desires to interact with the other parties (Commonly between service providers and their clients)
- Informal/Casual: Participants involved have equal status (between neighbors/classmate/peers of equal status)
- Intimate: Communication exchange with individuals of whom have a shared history (dependent on relationship of two individuals- can occur anywhere)
What is the purpose of having Pragmatic Rules
help to make sense of the language we encounter in our interactions with others and determine the meaning of the utterance within the given context
List 4 types of language usage and theri definition
- Equivocal Language: deliberate use of words/signs/phrases that can be interpreted in more than one way
- Euphemistic Language: use of socially acceptable terms and phrases in place if blunt, descriptive ones
- Abstract Language: refers to degrees of imprescision in communication ‘the less specific something is the more abstract it is’
- Passive Voice: refers ti a statement in which the person or thing performing the action is not overtly stated
Powerless Forms of Language (min 4 ex/6ex)
Hedges, Hesitations, Intensifiers, Polite Forms, Tag questions and “up talk”, Disclaimers
What factors make up the meaning of a message?
Speakers Goal, Context, Directness, Power Dynamics, Register, (etc)
List 5/10 things that Register determines
- Turn-taking and interaction between the sender and receiver of the message
- Complexity and completeness of sentence structure
- Choice of Vocabulary
- Use of contradictions
- Volume of speech or size of signs
- Rate(i.e. speed) of speech or signs
- Clarity(i.e. diction, enunciation, etc.) of signs or speech
- Speaker goals
- Use of fillers and hesitations
- Allowable topics ot discussion
