CH1. LOGIC/ALGORITHMS/PSEUDOCODE

Question 1

What do you mean by “logic”?

Answer 1

Logic is the procedure/process used by computer to solve users problems/to perform users tasks in the most suitable way.
OR
Logic is the most suitable procedure used by computers to get the precise outcomes of the tasks given by the users.
OR
The procedure used by programmers for computers to solve users problem solving tasks is termed as logic.

Question 2

what are the steps to design a logic?

Answer 2

steps to design logic are as follows:

1. study the problem/think of all possible ways to solve the problem/select the most suitable method
2. declare the variables (ask computer to make space for i/o.) ask user for i/o. accept i/o.
3. decide conditions for procedure. decide logic in step by step format to execute the desired output.
4. state the steps to computer
5. execute the output

Question 3

state the points to remember while deciding logic.

Answer 3

1. every instruction should be in a clear/should have a simple meaning.
2. the instruction should run for a fixed no. of times.
3. each program should be executed one at a time.
4. the program has to execute the perfect outcome.

Question 4

state whether the given sentence is right or wrong. correct the wrong ones:
1. c can run multiple instructions at a time.

Answer 4

wrong.

each program in C should be executed one at a time.

Question 5

state whether the given sentence is right or wrong. correct the wrong ones:
2. the program has to give the result which is accurate.

Answer 5

right

Question 6

there are 3 ways of writing logic namely ______,_______and_________.

Answer 6

flowchart algorithm and pseudocode

Question 7

what are the ways/methods to write logic?

Answer 7

There are 3 methods to write logic namely flowcharts, pseudocode and algorithms.

Question 8

what are flowcharts?

Answer 8

flowcharts is a step by step method of stating logic (steps to perform the task) via diagrams and symbols.

Question 9

what are algorithms?

Answer 9

Algorithms is a method of writing logic via words ie by specifying the steps of a procedure in sentence format. real world example of algorithms are RECIPE.

Question 10

what is pseudocode?

Answer 10

plain language description of steps to the computer. it includes writing programming descriptions/terms like conditions, operators, functions etc alike algorithms.
OR
Method of writing logic by sequence of instructions that includes programming descriptions.

Question 11

what is the basic way to write logic?

Answer 11

The steps to write logic are as follows

1. start
2. print message for the user to enter input value
3. declare variables
4. accept variables
5. state the process to computer (apply conditions to the process if needed)
6. stop

Question 12

The symbols in flowcharts are standarised by _______.

Answer 12

ANSI American national standard institute.

Question 13

what are the symbols used in flowcharts?

Answer 13

The symbols used in flowcharts are as follows:

1. Terminal
2. Input/output
3. Process
4. Decison box
5. flowlines
6. connectors

Question 14

what are terminals? what is the use of terminal in flowchart?

Answer 14

Terminal in flowchart includes start and stop. it specifies start/stop of a process.

Question 15

what are I/O? what is the use of i/o in flowchart?

Answer 15

input/output are parallelogram shaped flowcharts. they are used to store input/output of process.

Question 16

what is the use of process?

Answer 16

process is used when we state the tasks to the computer.

Question 17

what is decision box? what is the role of decision box in flowchart?

Answer 17

decision box is an diamond shaped box which is used for conditional statements used in a process.

Question 18

what are flowlines?

Answer 18

flowlines are arrowlike lines used to specify the chronology/sequence of the process.

Question 19

what are connectors?

Answer 19

connectors are used to connect the flowchart when the flowcharts become complex or when the space/page is over. used for the purpose of convienence and clarity

Question 20

what are the advantages/features of flowcharts?

Answer 20

1. Powerful tool in programming
2. Helps in development of logic with all possibilities.
3. Is an pictorial representation of logic
4. helps in execution of logic
5. combination of flowchart is called a system
6. results in strong documentation.
7. helps in debugging
8. easy to write for/using any language
9. effective tool for checking process/logic.

Question 21

state whether the following is true/false. correct the false statements:
The ANSI standarized algorithms in logic.

Answer 21

false.

ansi (american national standarised institute) standarised flowchart symbols

Question 22

state whether the following is true/false. correct the false statements:
algorithms uses English to write process/logic.

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

state whether the following is true/false. correct the false statements:
pseudo code specifies the programming terms

Answer 23

true

Question 24

state whether the following is true/false. correct the false statements:
group of logic is called a system

Answer 24

true

Question 25

state whether the following is true/false. correct the false statements: logic is used in documentation

Answer 25

false. | flowcharts are used in documentation

Question 26

what is meant by Documentation?

Answer 26

Documentation is reviewing the data in a logic.

Question 27

state whether the following is true/false. correct the false statements: Algorithms are useful in debugging

Answer 27

false. | Flowcharts are.

Question 28

what is debugging?

Answer 28

removing an error from logic is called debugging. OR removing the flaws from the process...

Question 29

what is dry run?

Answer 29

dry run is a trial program done to check all the possible methods of running the program/logic.

Question 30

_________ flowcharts are used by programmers.

Answer 30

program

Question 31

______ flowcharts plays an important role in documentation.

Answer 31

program

Question 32

system programs are used by _____.

Answer 32

system analyst

Question 33

list any two steps that are involved in problem solving

Answer 33

ANY 2 - Detailed study of the problem - Problem redefinition - Identification of input data, output requirements and conditions and limitations - Alternative methods of solution - Selection of the most suitable method - Preparation of a list of procedures and steps to obtain the solution - Generating the output

Question 34

what do you mean by program flowchart? what does it include?

Answer 34

a program flowchart is an flowchart which has an emphasis of logic/programs. it shows the logic flow, program structure, operations performed.

Question 35

state the characteristics of algorithms

Answer 35

each instructions must be precise and clear each instructions must eventually terminate the algorithm must give the desired output.

Question 36

state the important points to remember while making a flowchart

Answer 36

the shape/symbol of flowchart must not be changed the flowchart size can be changed as required symbol of flowchart must be immediately recognizable the instructions inside flowchart must be clearly stated the flowlines must not cross

Question 37

a pause in program is denoted by ____ symbol

Answer 37

terminal

Question 38

there can be many terminal symbols in program

Answer 38

false

Question 39

input/output symbol in flowchart denotes __ function

Answer 39

input output

Question 40

process symbol represents ____ instructions

Answer 40

arithmetic and datamovement instructions

Question 41

state the steps to write flowcharts /programming considerations for : computations

Answer 41

refer txtbook pg. 7

Question 42

state the steps to write flowcharts/programming considerations for : decision making

Answer 42

refer txtbk pg 8

Question 43

state the steps to write flowcharts/programming considerations for : loops

Answer 43

pg 10

Question 44

state the steps to write flowcharts for : | predefined process

Answer 44

pg 12

Question 45

MCQ: The result should be obtained in algorithm after ___ execution of steps (1st,finite,infinite)

Answer 45

Finite

Question 46

MCQ: The instructions in algorithm should not repeat the instructions ____ (more than once,finitely,infinitely)

Answer 46

Infinitely

Question 47

Mcq: Flowchart is symbolic step by step __ to task your program (plan,instructions,solution)

Answer 47

Solution

Question 48

Flowcharts can be only developed for programs (true/false)

Answer 48

False. Flowcharts can be developed basically for any task

Question 49

Flowcharts helps us detect any logical or other errors Before the program is been written.(t/f)

Answer 49

True

Question 50

___ flowchart shows program structure, logic and operations performed

Answer 50

Program

Question 51

Emphasis of ___ flowchart is on logic (system/program)

Answer 51

Program

Question 52

Normally the process of developing program is as follows: 1. Flowchart,algorithm,pseudocode:program 2. Pseudocode,algorithm,flowchart:program 3. Algorithm,flowchart,pseudocode:program

Answer 52

3. Algorithm,flowchart,pseudocode:program. Txtbook pg 3

Question 53

___ are independent of the language being used. (Logic, flowcharts, algorithms)

Answer 53

Flowcharts

Question 54

Is the steps in right or wrong order: 1. Steps is developed (algorithm) 2. Logic (flowcharts) 3. Program (coding)

Answer 54

Right

Question 55

If there are more than one process symbol they are: (being ignored and one process is executed at a time, gives error, placed in a sequence and are executed one after other sequentially)

Answer 55

Executed one after other sequentially

Question 56

The correct order fpr executing flowchart is: (up-down, left-right, left-right and up to down)

Answer 56

From left to right and up to down

Question 57

If the flowchart becomes complex __ is used (flowlines, connectors,/n)

Answer 57

Connectors

Question 58

___can be working model of designing a new software system (logic, flowchart, algorithm)

Answer 58

Flowchart

Question 59

``` Start Create memvars and read operations Get required data in memvars Do the required operations Print result Stop The following steps is for (loop, predefined, computations) ```

Answer 59

Computations

Question 60

``` Start Initialise Execute required operations Increment Counter Stop The foll steps are for (loop, decision, compute) ```

Answer 60

Loop

Question 61

For ___ situations, we make use of counters. (Looping, predefined, decision making)

Answer 61

Loop

Question 62

If loops are repeated on the basis of condition __ is used to check the conditions (logical operators, conditional operators, relational operator)

Answer 62

Relational operator

Question 63

In large application when we invoke livrary routine of a language, we are using ___ process. (Input/output, loop, predefined)

Answer 63

Predefined

Question 64

Predefined process includes modular programming (true/false)

Answer 64

True. Pg 12

Question 65

In ___ technique, we initialise memvars (decision,predefined,computation)

Answer 65

Computation. Pg 7

Question 66

Branching to another set of commands in flowchart can be implemented by ___ (operators, functions, flowlines)

Answer 66

Functions. Pg 9

Question 67

Variable loop is fixed loop (true/false)

Answer 67

True