evolution
gradual change of ppopulation overtime
theory of evolution framework
- pattern: descent with modification, from a common ancestor
- process: changes occurring from one generation to the next
adaption
inherited aspects of an individual that make it better suited to a particular environment than other individuals
biogeography
study of world distribution of organisms
vestigial structures
parts currently without purpose
Carl Linnaeus
- developed taxonomy and binomial nomenclature
George Cuviour
- rejected evolution
- geological change happens rapidly caused by unique and unpredictable events
- evidence = abrupt changes in fossil assemblage
Lamarck
- theory of evolution based on the use and disuse of features
- inheritance of acquired characteristics
- organisms change moving up scale of nature
- new species arise by spontaneous generation
- species gradually change
- organisms respond to the environment
- testable mechanisms for how species evolve
Malthusian
- humans will run out of foot so competition for resources will lead to catastrophe
uniformitarianism
the present is the key to the past
- rocks reflect history
- geological change occurs slowly and is caused by mechanisms that are consistent through time
natural selection - Darwin
Individuals with inherited train variants that give them an advantage for surviving/reproducing will leave more offspring
Differences among individuals in the ability to survive and reproduce lead to the accumulation of adaption over generations
- earth slowly changing
- mechanisms of change is important
microevolution
process of population genetics
- evolutionary changes on small scale = population
macroevolution
evolution on grand scale = above species
result in accumulation of microevoltion
evolution mechanisms
- natural selection
- sexual selection
- mutation
- genetic drift
- gene flow
