Ch2 notes

Question 1

assessment

Answer 1

select and cluster relevant pieces of information, analyze their significance, and try to explain them logically using principles of biopsychosocial and biomedical sciences

Question 2

plan

Answer 2

incorporates patient education, changes in medications, needed tests, referrals to other clinicians, and return visits for counseling and support

Question 3

what are the three types of reasoning for clinical problem solving

Answer 3

pattern recognition, development of schemas, and application of relevant basic and clinical science

Question 4

steps in clinical reasoning

Answer 4

1. identify abnormal findings
2. localize findings anatomically
3. interpret findings in terms of probable process
4. make hypothesis about the nature of the patient’s problem
5. test the hypotheses and establish a working diagnosis
6. develop a plan agreeable to the patient

Question 5

pathophysiologic

Answer 5

derangements of biologic functions

Question 6

psychopathologic

Answer 6

disorders of mood

Question 7

what problems come first on the problem list?

Answer 7

the most active and serious problems

Question 8

how does age play a factor in diagnosing?

Answer 8

young people are more likely to have a single disease, whereas older people tend to have multiple diseases

Question 9

checklist for a clear and accurate record

Answer 9

• is the order clear?
• does the data included contribute directly to the assessment?
• are the pertinent negatives specifically described?
• are there overgeneralizations or omissions of important data?
• is there too much detail?
• are phrases and short words used appropriately? Is there unnecessary repetition of data?
• Is the written style succinct? are there excessive abbreviations?
• are diagrams and precise measurements included where appropriate?
• is the tone of the write-up neutral and professional?