Special Demands for PM (7)
- dealing with obstacles
- making project tradeoffs
- negotiation
- acquiring resources
- motivating personnel
- balanced outlook
- breadth of communications
Tuckman Ladder 4 Phases
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning
Examples of obstacles on a project
- early problems are with resources
- scope creep
- last-minute technical changes
- future of the team after the project
3 Types of Leadership Competencies
Intellectual (IQ)
Manegerial (MQ)
Emotional (EQ)
Conflict and Goal Conflict
when one person perceives that the other has frustrated some concern of his
goal conflict: making sure one person does not deviate from the goals of the group
How can the PM manage conflict?
- by aligning stakeholders to the purpose of the project
- negotiation
Tools used to Identify and Analyze Stakeholders
To Identify stakeholders:
- use judgment of PM
- stakeholder register
- stakeholder issue log
To Analyze stakeholders:
- update stakeholder register and log
- Power Interest Grid
- Commitment Assessment Tool: current level commitment –>desired level commitment
3 Categories of Conflict
- goal-oriented (different goals and expectations)
- authority-based (uncertainty about authority)
- interpersonal (interpersonal conflict)
Project Lifecycle and conflict
Conceptualization –> Formulation
Planning –> Buildup*
Execution –> Main Program*
Termination –> Phase Out*
*Common conflict areas
Scope Change happens when.. (3)
- initial assessment was wrong
- project team learns more about the project
- client asks for changes
- change is mandated (law changes)
How to go about principled negotiation?
- separate people from the problem
- focus on interests, not positions
- look for mutual gain
- use objective criteria
Project Partnering
method of turning subcontractors into a cohesive project team with one set of goals and resolve any conflicts on time
Dealing with Conflict (5)
Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating
What conflicts occur at Buildup and Main Program stages? Which ones at Phase Out stages?
buildup and main program: Scheduling and technical conflicts
Phase-out: scheduling, deadlines, last-minute changes, personality
Steps for Project Partnering
- Commit to partnering (Project Charter)
- Implement the process (Four-Part Agreement)
- Joint review of project execution when project ends
Four-Part Agreement
- “joint evaluation” of project status
- method of resolving disagreements
- Continous improvement
- Support from senior management
