Changing Places

Question 1

Define Place:

Answer 1

A place is a key term used in geography, it is an area that has an emotional meaning and attachment with people while still having a location on a map and human or physical characteristsics

Question 2

What are the three aspects of a place?

Answer 2

• location- physical point of where a place is on a map with latitude and longitude coordinates.
• Locale- settings where everyday life activities or events happen ie. an office, a park or a home. These settings influence social interactions and cultures of inhabitants.
• Sense of Place- subjective, emotional attachment to a place which gives it meaning and is developed through experience.

Question 3

What are the three approaches to describe a place?

Answer 3

• descriptive- idea that the world is a group of places with each being studied and is distinct
• Social Constructionist- The idea that a place is a product of a set of social processes occurring at a particular time- historical or modern
• Phenomenological- how a person experiences a place and their relationship with it

Question 4

What is the importance of place?

Answer 4

Places are central to human identity, culture, and social relations. They influence our experiences, behaviors, and opportunities.

Question 5

What are the two factors that influence our attachment to a place?

Answer 5

• depth of our knowledge and understanding of it
• quality and intensity of experience.

Question 6

Whats the difference between topophilia and topophobia?

Answer 6

Topophilia- love of a place and having a strong attachment to it

Topophobia- dislike of a place (still able to have a strong attachment to it).

Question 7

What are the three characterizers for identity?

Answer 7

Localism- An affection for or emotional ownership of a small-scale place. It can be demonstrated in nimbyism- when people are relucant to have their local area affected.

Regionalism- Loyalty to a distinct region with a population which share similarities that unify them ie. dialect

Nationalism- loyalty and devotion to a nation which creates a sense of national conciousness. Unifiers include languages and flags

Question 8

What is belonging?

Answer 8

being a part of the local community or someting widespread.

Question 9

What are factors that can affect a sense of belonging?

Answer 9

Age, Gender, Sexuality, Socio-Economic Status, Religion- all of which can make a person feel welcome or unwelcome in a place.

Question 10

What did massey say about a global sense of place?

Answer 10

places are dynamic with multiple identities and can only understood by linking places

Question 11

Talk about globalisations impact on place

Answer 11

globalisation has made places less unique by the homogenisation, seen through the increasing presence of global chains such as clone towns leading to placenessness- no sense of unique place

They can adapt this by glocalisation

Question 12

What is localisation of place and give an example

Answer 12

places change to help fight against global capitalism

South Devon has own currency to help increase local spending

Question 13

Talk about regeneration and belonging

Answer 13

Regeneration focuses on a places social environment as well as its physical environment increasing a persons sense of belonging and thus increasing a persons quality of life giving them a positive sense of place with an area.

Question 14

Whats the difference between race and ethnicity?

Answer 14

race- biological characteristics

Ethnicity- belonging to a social group with common traditions

Question 15

What is the definition of well-being?

Answer 15

Well-Being is the measurment of how happy one feels in a particular place.
There are 5 classifications: physical, psychological, social, economic and environmental.

Question 16

What are the well- being categories?

Answer 16

Main categories include: Comfort and image, uses and activities, sociability and access and linkages.

The importance of a place having these categories may differ with what a person wants, for example a child may see uses and activities as being important while someone older may want more comfort.

Question 17

What is the difference between insider and outsider people?

Answer 17

Insider- Someone with a strong sense of belonging to a place and feels at home, safe and welcomed within a community

Outsider- Someone who doesnt feel welcomed in that place and feels excluded from the society

Question 18

Whats the difference between near and far places?

Answer 18

Near Places- those which are close to us either physically with its geography or level of emotional connection
Far Places- those which are far to us

Geographically near places may not evoke feelings or familiarality whereas far places may not seem strange or different. In this instance, geographically near places can be emotionally far and vice versa.

Question 19

Whats the difference between experienced and media places?

Answer 19

Experienced Places- Places that a person has spent time in and develop own opinions about and develop their own emotional attachment to.

Media Place- A place you may know about but haven’t experienced it first hand, your experience and perception is shaped by other peoples opinions and the media.

The reality of a place can be far different to that put accross by the media.

Question 20

What’s the two different types of factors?

Answer 20

Endogenous Factors- Characteristics that originate from within a place itself and is strongly linked to the natural environment but is more often a combination of natural and cultural factors. Including: location, geographical features and social and economic factors.

Exogenous Factors- The relationship of one place with another and the external factors like socio-economic status and flows of people.

Question 21

What is are the endogenous factors influencing place?

Answer 21

location, topography, physical geography, land use, built environment, infrastructure

Question 22

What are the characters of place?

Answer 22

• Physical Geography- Such as relief, altitude, soil/rock type
• Demography- Population size, gender, sex etc.
• Location- Urban or Rural, roads etc.
• The Built Environment-Land use, type of housing
• Political Factors- Role and strength of councils
• Mobility of the population- work or leisure
• Cultural Factors- Heritage, religion and language
• Socio-economic factors- employment, amenities, income, health.

Question 23

Why do places change?

Answer 23

• human disasters
• climate change
• economic change
• tourism change
• migrant crisis
• terrorist attack
• crime
• war or conflict
• natural disasters

Question 24

What are agents of change and give examples?

Answer 24

Agents of Change- Person or persons who impact on a place through living, working, volunteering or just trying to improve that place.
- Government- Regeneration schemes and financial incentives can attract businesses to places
- TNC’s- Generate jobs or lose jobs and generates tourism and income
- Global Institutions- Millennium development goals leads to success etc.

Question 25

What's the difference between meaning and representation?

Answer 25

meaning- how an individual or collection of individuals perceive a place. representation- how a place is portrayed or seen within a society.

Question 26

Talk about Place Memories.

Answer 26

Places can generate memories which is when a place evokes memories that makes the past come back to life. This could be through photographs, souveneirs, dairy enteres. This can be positive or negative.

Question 27

Talk about perception of place

Answer 27

This is diferent to a sense of place. It more refers to how people perceive a place through what they have seen or heard. This is similar to a media place on the basis that a person hasn’t been there.

Question 28

What is place perception manipulation?

Answer 28

Agents of change and corporate bodies want to manipulate place perception for things like tourism to attract people eho are going to spend money in the area, for things like investment to make overall improvements and developments and trade for good links and relationships.

Question 29

What is rebranding?

Answer 29

Rebranding is when an agent of change attempts to discard negative perceptions of a place and promote new positive perceptions. The aim is to promote a positive place to live in and to visit for social and recreational purposes.

Question 30

Problems of rebranding?

Answer 30

- hard to satisfy all stakeholders - existing stakeholders normally prefer to protect the area while development agencies seek to develop it - some rebranding processes drive out locals due to rising prices- GENTRIFICATION

Question 31

What is re-imaging?

Answer 31

This is the process of rejuvinating a pre-existing but outdated place image and modernising it to the evergrowing world with new demands.

Question 32

Talk about corporate bodies.

Answer 32

Corperate bodies are organisations that fall under the same name, ie. NGO’s, businesses, or Government Agencies. Many may want to manipulate the perception of places for example, tourist agencies aim to sell a place to holiday buyers so want a good place perception. Locals may also want this as they bring in income. Places can used media sources like brouchers, videos, websites and advertisment to do this.