Changing places

Question 1

What is the difference between space and place?

Answer 1

A place is a space with meaning attached to it
-This is linked to locale and sense of place

Question 2

What influences our sense of place?

Answer 2

-The depth of our knowledge and understanding of it
-The quality or intensity of experience we have there

Question 3

What are the different aspects of place?

Answer 3

-Location: Where a place is E.g. co-ordinates on a map
-Locale: Each place is made up of a series of locales or setting here everyday life activates take place E.g. a park
-Sense of place: The subjective and emotional attachment people have to a place

Question 4

What do we mean by place?

Answer 4

It is often described as a location with a meaning ascribed to it

Question 5

What do we mean by sense of place?

Answer 5

Sense of place is the emotion you feel when you are in a place.

Question 6

What do we mean by perception of place?

Answer 6

Perception of place is the meaning towards a place based on what you have heard, seen or read about it

Question 7

What is insider perspective?

Answer 7

Insider perspective is when you know the place well and feel like a local there

Question 8

What is outsider perspective?

Answer 8

Outsider perspective is when you have never/ hardly visited somewhere and you feel like a tourist

Question 9

What are ‘media’ places?

Answer 9

Media places are when you only know about it through film/tv/social media.

-Remote islands depend on media coverage to be known to the outside world

• Media also functions as a primary source for stereotypes and images associated with distant places

Question 10

What does placemaking mean?

Answer 10

Placemaking is the deliberate shaping of an environment to facilitate social interaction and improve a communities quality of life.

Question 11

What forms identity?

Answer 11

Identity is our sense of place, the meaning given to a location can be so strong that it forms part of identity

Made up of:
-Localism
-Regionalism
-Nationalism

Question 12

What is nationalism?

Answer 12

Nationalism is the loyalty and devotion to a nation which creates a sense of national consciousness.
-It is strengthened by a common language, national anthem, flag and cultural events

Question 13

What is regionalism?

Answer 13

Regionalism is the consciousness of and loyalty to a distinct geographical region.
-Some people feel more loyalty to their region then their nationality E.g. Catalonia and Cornwall.

-Regions may wish tp separate from their country and make their own political decisions

Question 14

What is localism?

Answer 14

Localism is a affection for and pride in your local place E.g. playing for your local sports team

Question 15

What is homogenisation?

Answer 15

-It is the idea that globalisation has made ‘place’ less important and that places are loosing identity due to the flow of ideas and cultures

Question 16

What is a clone town?

Answer 16

A clone town is where the high street is dominated by chain stores

Question 17

What does placelessness mean?

Answer 17

-This is the loss of place identity, similar to clone towns but can be applied on a smaller scale.

Question 18

What is glocalisation?

Answer 18

Glocalisation is when global brands are adapted to the local market E.g. McDonalds country specials

Question 19

What is diaspora?

Answer 19

This is the idea that your personal identity is connected to multiple places.
-Strongly linked to migration and flows of people.

Question 20

What does it mean to belong ?

Answer 20

To belong to a place you feel like you are welcome and have a sense of security/ safety.
-You have a sense of connection

Question 21

What are transition towns?

Answer 21

Transition towns were founded in 2007 and whilst the original focus was on climate change, the aim has begun to focus on the threat of globalisation to towns within the UK
-E.g. Totnes

Question 22

What is localisation?

Answer 22

-Some places has resisted the spread of chain stores by trying to encourage people to spend money locally at independent businesses

Question 23

What is social exclusion?

Answer 23

-To be socially excluded is to be out of place within a society
-Can be as a result of poverty or perhaps belonging to a minority social group

Question 24

What is spatial exclusion?

Answer 24

Spatial exclusion refers to being excluded from certain spaces.
-This could be deliberately or arise from a lack of investment by the government

Question 25

Which groups are sometimes excluded from society?

Answer 25

-Young people -LGBTQ+ -Homeless -Disabled -Immigrant minority

Question 26

What are the issues with social and spatial exclusion?

Answer 26

-Living in deprived conditions can lead to lower quality of life -Limited social and educational opportunities -Threats to mental health through exclusion from society -Threats to personal safety

Question 27

What is character of place?

Answer 27

-Refers to the the physical and human features that help to distinguish from another place.

Question 28

What factors affect character of place?

Answer 28

-Water bodies -Historic buildings -Landscape -Political decisions -Built environment -Demographics -Location -Socio-economic -Cultural

Question 29

What are endogenous factors?

Answer 29

These are the internal factors that influences a places character. -E.g. physical geography or built environment

Question 30

What are exogenous factors?

Answer 30

-These are the external factors that influence a places character -E.g. flows in and out of a place like people, money and ideas

Question 31

What are external forces?

Answer 31

External forces are decisions made by government policies, multinational corporations and international or global institutions

Question 32

What does place meaning mean?

Answer 32

-It is the meaning you ascribe to a place based on your perception of it and/or your lived experience within it

Question 33

What is place representation?

Answer 33

-Place representation is how a place is portrayed or seen in society .

Question 34

Why are place meanings manipulated?

Answer 34

-To change negative stereotypes -To encourage people to move into the area -To attract inward investment -Improve job opportunities -Raise the status of a place -Improve the quality of the built environment by removing derelict buildings or regenerating brownfield sites

Question 35

What is re-imaging?

Answer 35

Re-imaging disassociates a place from bad pre existing images in relation to poor housing, social deprivation, high levels of crime, pollution and industrial dereliction

Question 36

What is re-branding?

Answer 36

Re-branding is the way in which a place is redeveloped and marketed so that it gains a new identity -

Question 37

What is regeneration?

Answer 37

Regeneration is a long term process of the redevelopment of an area

Question 38

What are agents of change?

Answer 38

They are external agencies such as governments, corporate bodies or local groups that may have a vested interest in trying to change the way we feel about certain places

Question 39

What is place marketing?

Answer 39

When marketing or public relation companies may be employed by national and local government to improve or create positive perceptions of place. The place is seen like a product Strategies: -Advertising campaigns -Newsletters -Place logos -Events and attractions

Question 40

What is positionality?

Answer 40

-These are certain elements of our identity which can influence the way we see a place E.g. Insider/Outsider, demographic factors

Question 41

What to consider when evaluating representations of place?

Answer 41

-Reliability -Formal representations (Tends to be based on facts) -Abstract representation (Not always geographically accurate but tells us something about the place) -Informal representations (Media representations E.g. art, TV, film, photography, music)

Question 42

What are some examples of formal representations of a place?

Answer 42

-Maps: Can include hidden bias -Interviews: First hand, direct reports of experiences, opinions and feelings, however there may be interviewer bias. -Statistics: Provides large scale quantative data however they say very little about lived experience

Question 43

What are some media representations of place?

Answer 43

-Photographs: Can be selective in what they show and photoshopped -Poetry: Many famous poets are associated with place -Textual sources -TV and film -Art: represents place through paintings

Question 44

How did Medellín undergo urban rebranding?

Answer 44

-They started to rebrand by destructing escobars house and setting up memorials to commemorate those that were impacted. -Many technological, social, cultural and educational projects have been implemented to better the region. -Public investment was based of areas with the worst HDI

Question 45

What are the positives of Medellin's urban rebranding?

Answer 45

-The city is much safer -A new more competent transport system has enhanced social and economic opportunities. -Tourism has increased massively with 1.4 million people visiting last year

Question 46

What are the negatives of Medellin's urban rebranding?

Answer 46

-Gained reputation as a destination for sex and drug tourism. -This rise in tourism has coincided with an uplift in sexual exploitation and trafficking -Sex workers are migrants from neighboring Venezuela who sell sex to make ends meet.

Question 47

What is heritage tourism?

Answer 47

It is a form of travel focused on experiencing the places, artifacts, and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past -Historical sites, museums, and natural landscapes