chap 10 intelligence Flashcards by Abe 권

Jacob is a teacher in a high school located in a low socio-economic neighbourhood. Jacob is well-liked by his students as he seems to be able to empathize with his students’ life situations and to encourage them to work toward careers that will improve their quality of life. Jacob would likely score high on ________ intelligence.
Group of answer choices

practical

social

creative

emotional

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The difference between content validity and predictive validity is that content validity refers to how ________ and predictive validity refers to how ________.
Group of answer choices

much content the test covers; that future content will be measured

well the test covers the specific content that it was designed to cover; well current test scores predict future test scores

well a test measures what it sets out to measure; well a test is able to predict other future successes

well the test scores correlate with some external criterion; well the test scores correlate with some future criterion

well a test measures what it sets out to measure; well a test is able to predict other future successes

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To keep the median scores on tests such as the Stanford-Binet and the WAIS, the tests must be ________ because of ________.
Group of answer choices

made culture-fair; stereotype threat

restandardized; the Flynn effect

made culture fair; overlap with the SAT

restandardized; the Bell Curve

restandardized; the Flynn effect

Because people today keep scoring higher on IQ tests (the Flynn effect), test makers have to restandardize — update the scoring — so that the average IQ stays 100 instead of creeping up over time.

Standardization means setting up the test so that scores are compared to a norm group (a large group of people who took the same test).
This ensures that:

The average score (mean/median) = 100,

And most people fall near that average (the normal distribution curve).

👉 But over time, people’s performance on intelligence tests tends to change — so to keep the average score at 100, psychologists must restandardize (update the scoring norms).

🔹 2. What is the Flynn Effect?

The Flynn effect (named after researcher James R. Flynn) is the finding that:

Average IQ scores have been increasing over generations, across many countries.

This means people today score higher on older versions of IQ tests than people did decades ago.

💡 Example:
If you gave your grandparents the same IQ test you take today,
they might score lower — not because they were less intelligent,
but because modern life (education, technology, nutrition, etc.) has boosted cognitive performance.

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If a trait is strongly heritable, the heritability coefficient could be ________.
Group of answer choices

+.85

+0.50

+0.15

+.85

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Which of the following people would most likely be given a label of having a moderate intellectual disability?
Group of answer choices

Micaela - who lives in a group home and works under constant supervision

Jamal - who lives in an assisted living facility and can do little more than feed himself

Randy - who has a reading disability

SuAnne - who was born with Down’s syndrome

Down syndrome is one of the most common biological causes of moderate intellectual disability.
While people with Down syndrome vary in ability, most typically fall within the moderate range — meaning they can learn self-care and basic academic skills but need support with more complex tasks.

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Which of the following is TRUE regarding race and IQ scores?
Group of answer choices

The IQ bell curve for African Americans is centered around 90.

Racial groups differ in their average scores on IQ tests.

The differences between racial groups on IQ scores is minimal.

Aboriginal Canadians score, on average, about 25 points lower than on IQ tests than non-Aboriginal Canadians.

Racial groups differ in their average scores on IQ tests.

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Which of the following statements regarding IQ tests is TRUE?
Group of answer choices

IQ tests are good predictors of complex cognitive functioning such as rational thought or critical thinking.

IQ tests are highly correlated with occupational and social achievements.

The latest versions of the Stanford-Binet and WAIS are culture-fair.

The Stanford-Binet and WAIS have very high degrees of reliability.

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The Flynn Effect refers to an increase in IQ scores over the years and may be due to all of the following EXCEPT ________.
Group of answer choices

evolutionary shifts in genetic inheritance

people becoming better test-takers

better nutrition

improved public education

evolutionary shifts in genetic inheritance

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The ability to and recognition to re-examine problems in a new way is characteristic of which element of creativity?
Group of answer choices

versatility

flexibility

originality

imagination

The answer is imagination because it means being able to picture things differently — to “re-imagine” a problem and find a new way to see or solve it.

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The ________ theory/model of intelligence suggests that intelligence is a function of the interactions among innate potential abilities, environmental context, and internal motivation. This theory was proposed by ________.
Group of answer choices

triarchic; Sternberg

bioecological; Sternberg

triarchic; Spearman

bioecological; Ceci

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Owen responded to an ad for a bulldozer driver, and he is now sitting in a waiting room full of other applicants, completing a quick survey that they gave him. Although this job is for a driver, the survey is asking him all about his religious beliefs and practices. What is wrong with this survey?
Group of answer choices

It has low predictive validity.

It has low standardization.

It has low reliability.

It has low content validity.

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Creative thinking is related to ________.
Group of answer choices

imagination, flexibility, and intrinsic motivation

imagination, intrinsic motivation, game personality

genetics, environmental reinforcement, and game personality

game personality, genetics, and intellectual ability

imagination, intrinsic motivation, game personality

the ability to picture or think about new ideas, possibilities, or solutions that don’t yet exist.

Why it matters for creativity:
Creativity starts with imagination — being able to see things differently or visualize new connections between ideas.

intrinsic motivation = creating because you want to, not because you have to

A playful, curious, exploratory attitude toward life and problems — treating challenges like a game instead of a burden.

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The Flynn Effect may be due to ________.
Group of answer choices

scores in the nonindustrial world skewing the results

a failure to restandardize the tests

increased innate intelligence

improved public education

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Thurstone rejected Spearman’s view of intelligence and argued instead that ________.
Group of answer choices

there is no such thing as intelligence at all

there is one g factor and four s factors

there are seven distinct mental abilities

there is just one g factor

there are seven distinct mental abilities

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The modification to Binet’s original test for use in the United States was completed by ________.
Group of answer choices

Simon

Cattell

Terman

Wechsler

Terman

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Which of the following accurately describes the criteria a psychometric test must adhere to?
Group of answer choices

validity, reliability, and determination of median

standardization, reliability, and determination of mean

determination of median, mean, and mode scores

standardization, reliability, and validity

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Only about ________ of the general population has intellectual disability, and, of that number, only ________ are moderately to profoundly disabled.
Group of answer choices

3%; 15%

3%; 1%

5%; 15%

5%; 1%

3%; 15%

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Joaquin was raised in a very impoverished environment. His mother was homeless and malnourished while pregnant. Once he was born, he moved around different foster families and never had any stability or nurturing. What effect might this have on Joaquin’s development?
A) He may be diagnosed with Down’s syndrome.
B) He may be diagnosed with a moderate intellectual ability.
C) He may be diagnosed with a severe intellectual disability.
D) He may be diagnosed with a mild intellectual disability.

D) He may be diagnosed with a mild intellectual disability.

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When studying the role of genetics in intelligence scores, which of the following would provide the most accurate evidence?
A) Identical twins raised together
B) Identical twins raised apart
C) Fraternal twins raised apart
D) Fraternal twins raised together

B) Identical twins raised apart

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Which of the following MOST accurately depicts the relationship between the number of neurons in the brain and intelligence?
A) A greater number of neurons in the frontal lobes predicts better performance on intelligence tests.
B) The lower the number of neurons in the brain, the higher the level of intellectual functioning.
C) The greater number of neurons in the brain, the higher the level of intellectual functioning.
D) There is no relationship between the number of neurons in the brain and intelligence.

A) A greater number of neurons in the frontal lobes predicts better performance on intelligence tests.

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According to the Taiwanese-Chinese, which of the following is NOT one of the factors at the root of intelligence?
A) Intellectual self-assertion
B) Intellectual self-effacement
C) Intellectual sense of community
D) Interpersonal intelligence

C) Intellectual sense of community

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For which of the following careers would emotional intelligence be most important?
A) Accountant
B) Psychologist
C) Talk show host
D) Lawyer

B) Psychologist

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Which of the following is NOT true about the relationship between occupations and intelligence?
A) People with higher intelligence work in more complex jobs.
B) People who work in more complex jobs show greater intellectual flexibility.
C) People who work in more complex jobs may show intellectual improvement.
D) People who work in lower stress jobs show greater improvements in intelligence.

D) People who work in lower stress jobs show greater improvements in intelligence.

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We saw that environmental enrichment programs can make a difference in a child’s intellectual development, and that these programs achieve even greater success when they are applied in a specific way. Which of the following is NOT one of these ways?
A) They need to focus on teaching children how to learn.
B) They need to be started earlier in development.
C) They need to be more intensive (more hours per day and more days per year).
D) They need to emphasize positive attitudes and behaviours.

A) They need to focus on teaching children how to learn.

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Katherine has been homeless since she was fourteen years old. Despite this, she is now going to university to become a physician. She works two different jobs, studies hard, and is about to graduate with honours. Which component of Ceci's bioecological theory of intelligence best describes Katherine's achievement? A) Motivation B) Biology C) Analytic D) Environment

A) Motivation

Based on the heritability coefficient, can we conclude that cultural differences in IQ suggest genetic differences between individuals in cultural groups? A) No; the heritability estimate is used to explain the differences between groups of people, not provide information about individuals. B) Yes; heritability estimates represent the probability of differences due to genetics. C) No; heritability estimates can only be applied to the population for which the estimate was based. D) Yes; the heritability estimate is an accurate estimate of the influence of genes on intelligence.

A) No; the heritability estimate is used to explain the differences between groups of people, not provide information about individuals.

In the Hebrew Bible the story of King Solomon says that when two different women were claiming the same child as their own, King Solomon suggested cutting the baby in half so the two women could share the child. In doing so, he knew that the real mother would give up the child rather than allowing harm to come to her child. Which of the following is demonstrated by this story? A) The balance theory of wisdom: that wisdom is the application of practical intelligence to make decisions and solve problems. B) The balance theory of intelligence: that distinct types of intelligence are involved in decision making and effective problem solving. C) The balance theory of intelligence: that wisdom is the application of practical intelligence to solve problems. D) The balance theory of wisdom: that a balance of social and emotional intelligence leads to good decision making and effective problem solving.

A) The balance theory of wisdom: that wisdom is the application of practical intelligence to make decisions and solve problems. wisdom = practical intelligence

Simon and Forrest are identical twins who were adopted into different families at birth. Although Simon was adopted by loving, financially stable parents, Forrest was adopted by parents who were emotionally abusive and neglectful. When given an IQ test, which of the following would be most likely? A) Simon would have a higher IQ than Forrest because Simon would have reached the upper limit of his reaction range, but Forrest would have remained at the lower limit. B) Forrest would have a higher IQ than Simon because Forrest would have reached the upper limit of his reaction range, but Simon would have remained at the lower limit. C) Simon would have a higher IQ than Forrest because his heritability coefficient would have been higher. D) The IQ of the two boys will be the same.

A) Simon would have a higher IQ than Forrest because Simon would have reached the upper limit of his reaction range, but Forrest would have remained at the lower limit.

Which of the following accurately depicts the components of Ceci's bioecological theory of intelligence? A) Experiential, motivation, analytic B) Motivation, biology, environment C) Motivation, environment, experiential D) Biology, analytic, environment

B) Motivation, biology, environment

The modification to Binet's original test for use in the United States was completed by ________. A) Simon B) Wechsler C) Terman D) Cattell

C) Terman

________ is a statistical procedure for identifying common elements that underlie performance across a set of tasks. A) Factor analysis B) Multiple regression C) Psychometrics D) Analysis of variance

A) Factor analysis It’s a method that looks for hidden factors (like general intelligence) that explain why people who are good at one thing tend to be good at others.

Giri has a lot of charisma. He instinctively knows how to get along with other people, and to "tune in" to what is important to other people. Giri is high in ________. A) Emotional intelligence B) Intrapersonal intelligence C) Social intelligence D) Environmental intelligence

C) Social intelligence

Mila is 9 years old. She takes an intelligence test and receives the score most 12-year-olds receive. Mila's mental age is ________. A) 75 B) 9 C) 133 D) 12

D) 12

When you are voting for the Prime Minister of Canada, which type of intelligence would be most desirable in a candidate? A) Wisdom B) Analytical C) Practical D) Social

A) Wisdom practical intelligence from sternberg

Game personality is a characteristic of creative thinking that involves ________. A) seeing unique or different solutions to a problem B) shifting with ease from one type of problem-solving strategy to another C) ability to tolerate ambiguity, risk and initial failure D) generating many possible solutions

C) ability to tolerate ambiguity, risk and initial failure A game personality is a mindset found in highly creative people — they treat problem-solving and challenges like a game rather than a stressful test. It’s about having a playful, curious, and open attitude toward exploration and experimentation.

Qusai is an upper-level manager at a large corporation. It is her job to plan projects and evaluate their outcomes. Qusai probably scores high in Sternberg's ________ component of intelligence. A) Logical/mathematical (applied) B) Analytic (internal) C) Practical (experiential) D) Creative (external)**

B) Analytic (internal)

Suppose Phoebe, a woman of average intelligence, found a time travel machine and went back in time about 100 years. If she were asked to take an intelligence test after her time travel, what is she likely to score? What is this effect attributed to? A) likely she would score in the average range; Matthew effect B) far above what she scored in modern times; Flynn effect C) far below what she scored in modern times; Flynn effect D) the same as what she scored in modern times; Matthew effect

B) far above what she scored in modern times; Flynn effect

D) bioecological; Ceci

Intellectual disability is defined by an IQ score below ________ as well as ________. A) below 80; inability to work at an unskilled job B) below 70; poor adaptive behaviour C) between 90; inability to live alone, unsupervised D) between 50; inability to adequately communicate and care for themselves

B) below 70; poor adaptive behaviour

Seema is "book smart," but cannot seem to keep track of her finances. Seema's situation provides the best example of ________. A) Spearman's g factor B) Spearman's s factor C) factor analysis D) Spearman's rho

B) Spearman's s factor

Measuring intelligence using carefully constructed psychological tests is known as the ________ approach. A) psychometric B) factor analytic C) psychophysical D) statistical

A) psychometric

Which of the following is NOT among the four major scales of the WAIS-IV? A) spatial ability B) perceptual reasoning C) processing speed D) verbal comprehension

A) spatial ability

When defining intelligence, Western cultures are to ________ as non-Western cultures are to ________. A) verbal ability; problem solving B) rapid mental processing; depth of thinking C) problem solving; verbal ability D) practical; analytical

B) rapid mental processing; depth of thinking

Leen is about to write the GREs (Graduate Record Examination) as a prerequisite for getting into graduate school. She is extremely nervous about how she will do because she knows that some graduate schools really look at student scores on the GREs and use it to prioritize applicants that are likely to succeed in graduate school. If this assumption made by graduate schools is correct, one would have to say that the GRE has high ________. A) predictive validity B) content validity C) reliability D) standardization

A) predictive validity

When you look at your chemistry test, you notice the exam has questions on it from chapters you have not yet covered. This would suggest that the test ________. A) is not reliable B) has low predictive validity C) has low content validity D) has not been standardized

C) has low content validity

Early uses for the Stanford-Binet were to determine ________. A) who needed special classes in the French school system B) which children were adoptable C) who could immigrate to the United States D) "fitness" for reproduction

C) who could immigrate to the United States Binet and Simon made the first test in France to help kids learn better. Terman at Stanford changed it into the Stanford-Binet in America to measure and rank intelligence, especially for immigration and the army.

Many people believe that wisdom is something that comes with age. What does the research say about the relationship between wisdom and age? A) All old people are wise, and few young people are wise. B) There is no relationship between wisdom and age; one has nothing to do with the other. C) Growing older causes wisdom. D) There is a strong positive correlation between wisdom and age, but age does not cause wisdom.

D) There is a strong positive correlation between wisdom and age, but age does not cause wisdom.

Oscar did very well when he took an intelligence test at the age of 10 years. Knowing this, which of the following is most likely about Oscar's future? A) He will have better health throughout his life and a longer lifespan. B) He will be creative and outgoing. C) He will excel in elementary school but there is no way to predict beyond this. D) He will be prone to depression and suicidal thinking.

A) He will have better health throughout his life and a longer lifespan.

On which of Weschler's scales would the following question appear: "What is the Westernmost Canadian province?" A) digit span B) information C) vocabulary D) similarities

B) information

When the IQ scores of adopted children are compared to their parents it is found that ________. There is a large correlation between adopted children's IQ and adoptive parents IQ. Adopted children's IQ is somewhat more similar to adoptive parents than biological parents. ✅ Adopted children's IQ is somewhat more similar to biological parents than adoptive parents. There are no differences in the similarity to the adoptive and the biological parents.

When the IQ scores of adopted children are compared to their parents it is found that ________. A) There is a large correlation between adopted children's IQ and adoptive parents IQ. B) Adopted children's IQ is somewhat more similar to adoptive parents than biological parents. C) Adopted children's IQ is somewhat more similar to biological parents than adoptive parents. D) There are no differences in the similarity to the adoptive and the biological parents.

C) Adopted children's IQ is somewhat more similar to biological parents than adoptive parents.

If one were to apply Lewontin's plant analogy to differences in IQ scores, which of the following would best explain the group differences in IQ scores between Indigenous Canadians and non-Indigenous Canadians? A) Indigenous Canadians tend to have genes that restrict their IQ level. B) Indigenous groups tend to have lower socio-economic status and are often living in a deficient environment. This restricts their performance on IQ tests. C) Individual Indigenous people tend to have lower average IQ scores than non-Indigenous people. D) Indigenous children are treated very differently in schools than non-Indigenous children. This bias restricts their performance on IQ tests.

B) Indigenous groups tend to have lower socio-economic status and are often living in a deficient environment. This restricts their performance on IQ tests. The analogy comes from Richard Lewontin (1970) — a geneticist who explained why group differences in IQ are often environmental, not genetic. Lewontin’s plant analogy means group IQ differences come from different environments, not different genes. Indigenous Canadians often face tougher living conditions (“poor soil”), which lowers average scores — not because they’re less capable, but because their environment limits opportunities.

The validity coefficients between intelligence tests and school performance are approximately ________. A) .73 B) .25 C) .50 D) .94

C) .50

Which of the following pairs of people are most likely to score differently on an IQ test? A) Nikol and Viktoria, identical twins B) Pia and Jasmine, cousins C) Paige and Thomas, brother and sister D) Dale and Erin, father and daughter

B) Pia and Jasmine, cousins

Which option best describes the functioning of an individual with a severe intellectual disability? A) Requires careful supervision. B) Does not profit from vocational training. C) Requires no supervision. D) Can perform complex work.

A) Requires careful supervision.

Which of the following is NOT true about programs such as Healthy Families? A) They are more successful if they include programs for maintaining positive attitudes and behaviours. B) They reduce child welfare involvement. C) They are more successful if they begin early in life and continue through development. D) They are more successful if they are administered primarily in the school environment.

D) They are more successful if they are administered primarily in the school environment. This is not true, because programs like Healthy Families mainly focus on the home and community, not schools. They target parents and caregivers — long before children even start school.

A set of scores is as follows: 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 9. The median of this distribution of scores is ________. A) 7 B) 4 C) 6 D) 9

C) 6

Laird is a child whose single mother has been on welfare since his birth. His father is currently in prison for selling drugs. According to Herrnstein and Murray, which of the following assumptions could you make about Laird? A) He is likely to work and study harder to improve his life standing. B) Given the opportunity, Laird could become successful. C) He would have higher IQ because he is male. D) Laird is likely to be on welfare as an adult or break the law.

D) Laird is likely to be on welfare as an adult or break the law.

Schooling is both a cause and a consequence of intelligence. Which of the following is NOT true regarding schooling and intelligence? A) When children are moved from financially poor schools to more affluent schools, their IQ scores increase. B) Schooling changes mental abilities, including those measured by intelligence tests. C) Students' IQ scores rise during the school year and drop during the summer. D) Children whose birthdays allow them to make the cut-off for school attendance tend to struggle more than children who do not make the cut-off and are almost a year older when they start school.

D) Children whose birthdays allow them to make the cut-off for school attendance tend to struggle more than children who do not make the cut-off and are almost a year older when they start school.

The difference between content validity and predictive validity is that content validity refers to how ________ and predictive validity refers to how ________. A) Well a test measures what it sets out to measure; well a test is able to predict other future successes. B) Well the test covers the specific content that it was designed to cover; well current test scores predict future test scores. C) Well the test scores correlate with some external criterion; well the test scores correlate with some future criterion. D) Much content the test covers; that future content will be measured.

A) Well a test measures what it sets out to measure; well a test is able to predict other future successes.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be true regarding children and IQ scores? A) Children with higher IQ scores are less likely to skip classes in school. B) Children whose birthdays just make the cut-off for beginning school early score higher on IQ tests than those who miss the cut-off. C) Children with higher IQ scores are more likely to attend university. D) Children with higher IQ scores are more likely to pass from grade to grade.

A) Children with higher IQ scores are less likely to skip classes in school.

The score that falls exactly in the middle of a distribution is the ________. The score that occurs most often in a distribution is the ________. A) Median; mean B) Median; mode C) Mean; median D) Mode; median

B) Median; mode

All of the following are reasons for why tests such as the Progressive Matrices Test were designed not to put particular cultures at an absolute disadvantage. Which of the statements is NOT true? A) Culture based disagreements about intelligence tests are considered racist. B) Different cultures have different ideas about what constitutes intelligence. C) The idea of totally unbiased tests has been abandoned. D) Culture-fair is possible even though culture-free is not.

A) Culture based disagreements about intelligence tests are considered racist. **A) Culture-based disagreements about intelligence tests are considered racist. ❌ NOT true (correct answer). Disagreeing about cultural bias in testing is not racist — it’s a legitimate scientific and ethical concern. Many researchers have pointed out that intelligence tests can unfairly favor people from certain cultural or educational backgrounds. So, debating that issue isn’t racism — it’s about fairness and accuracy.**

Although Aiden has a severe reading disability, he is a very gifted musician. Spearman would describe Aiden's musical ability as a(n) ________. A) IQ factor B) Primary mental ability C) s factor D) g factor

C) s factor

Simon and Forrest are identical twins who were adopted into different families at birth. Although Simon was adopted by loving, financially stable parents, Forrest was adopted by parents who were emotionally abusive and neglectful. When given an IQ test, which of the following would be most likely? A) The IQ of the two boys will be the same. B) Simon would have a higher IQ than Forrest because his heritability coefficient would have been higher. C) Simon would have a higher IQ than Forrest because Simon would have reached the upper limit of his reaction range, but Forrest would have remained at the lower limit. D) Forrest would have a higher IQ than Simon because Forrest would have reached the upper limit of his reaction range, but Simon would have remained at the lower limit.

C) Simon would have a higher IQ than Forrest because Simon would have reached the upper limit of his reaction range, but Forrest would have remained at the lower limit.

Taylor knew she was not a morning person, so when she started a new job with regular shifts that started at 7:00 AM she took steps to ensure she would not sleep through her alarm. She bought an alarm that required her to get up and stand on a rug for 30 seconds before it turned off and also got a second alarm with an extra loud and annoying buzzer that she set up in another room and set it to ring five minutes after the first alarm. Taylor's awareness of ways to address her difficulty waking up is called ________. A) Metacognition B) Creativity C) Intuition D) Intelligence

A) Metacognition

What percentage of children have an IQ score higher than 115? A) 16 B) 68 C) 50 D) 32

A) 16

One of ________ more reprehensible views was that people of lower intelligence were "unfit" to reproduce and that his test could determine "fitness." This view is in line with the views of the ________ movement. A) Binet's; eugenics B) Binet's; evolution C) Terman's; evolution D) Terman's; eugenics

D) Terman's; eugenics

Prentice learns that the heritability coefficient for the trait of 'getting athlete's foot' is +0.23. What does this mean? A) The trait is not heritable. B) 23% of the trait is inherited. C) The trait is mildly heritable D) 23% of the people in a population will have the trait.

C) The trait is mildly heritable

What was the controversy in the book The Bell Curve? A) the idea that parents have a significant role in the development of their children's IQ B) the idea that the average IQ scores have been increasing across generations C) the idea that racial differences in IQ may be due to different environments D) the idea that group differences in IQ may be due mainly to genetic factors

D) the idea that group differences in IQ may be due mainly to genetic factors

Qusai is an upper-level manager at a large corporation. It is her job to plan projects and evaluate their outcomes. Qusai probably scores high in Sternberg's ________ component of intelligence. A) practical (experiential) B) creative (external) C) logical/mathematical (applied) D) analytic (internal)

D) analytic (internal)

Abagail works for a boss who is very insecure and critical. Because Abagail believes she would be punished for creative ideas, she is unlikely to attempt to be creative. Which quality of environment is Abagail lacking? A) knowledge and game personality B) game personality and divergent thinking C) freedom and criticism-free environment D) creative role model and game personality

C) freedom and criticism-free environment

Which of the following positions was proposed by Hernstein and Murray in their book The Bell Curve? A) Racial differences in IQ scores are the result of test bias and unequal life experiences. B) Conventional IQ tests do not measure intelligence accurately. C) Putting children from underprivileged environments into enriched environments can increase IQ scores by 10–15 points. D) People with high intelligence reach the upper levels of society, while those with lesser intelligence drift toward the bottom

D) People with high intelligence reach the upper levels of society, while those with lesser intelligence drift toward the bottom

Schooling is both a cause and a consequence of intelligence. Which of the following is NOT true regarding schooling and intelligence? A) Schooling changes mental abilities, including those measured by intelligence tests. B) Students' IQ scores rise during the school year and drop during the summer. C) Children whose birthdays allow them to make the cut-off for school attendance tend to struggle more than children who do not make the cut-off and are almost a year older when they start school D) When children are moved from financially poor schools to more affluent schools, their IQ scores increase.

C) Children whose birthdays allow them to make the cut-off for school attendance tend to struggle more than children who do not make the cut-off and are almost a year older when they start school

Reagan has just taken an intelligence test. After it has been scored, he is given a total IQ score, as well as separate scores on the verbal, and performance sections of the test. In this example, the total IQ score would be the measure of a ________, and the scores on the verbal and performance sections would each be measures of a ________. A) g factor; s factor B) general factor analysis; specific factor analysis C) specific factor analysis; general factor analysis D) s factor; g factor

A) g factor; s factor

Ten-year old Isabelle has a mental age of 8. What would her IQ be? A) 120 B) 100 C) 80 D) 90

C) 80

Shaw et al. (2008) found that, those participants who were most intelligent showed a pattern of cortical development which could be best described as ________. A) thickening in childhood and thinning in adolescence B) thin in childhood, thickening and then thinning in adolescence C) thin in early childhood, thickening in late childhood and then thinning in adolescence D) thickening in childhood, thinning in early adolescence, and then thinning again

C) thin in early childhood, thickening in late childhood and then thinning in adolescence

Lufti's IQ was assessed using an intelligence test. Lufti received an overall score and two sub scores representing a verbal and a performance score. Spearman would have said that the general score measured a ________, and that the verbal and performance scores measured ________. A) g factor; s factor B) s factor; g factor C) specific factor analysis; general factor analysis D) general factor analysis; specific factor analysis

A) g factor; s factor

The ________ model of intelligence suggests that a g factor is at work in every task, while the specific abilities and factors are involved in some tasks, but not all. A) triarchic B) primary mental abilities C) hierarchical D) multiple intelligences

C) hierarchical The hierarchical model says we all have one big general intelligence (g) that affects everything we do, and smaller specific skills (like math or language) that affect only some things. The hierarchical model of intelligence combines ideas from Spearman and Thurstone to explain how intelligence is structured. It suggests that: There is one general intelligence factor (g) that influences performance on all tasks, and beneath it are specific abilities (s) that affect performance on some tasks but not others.

chap 10 intelligence Flashcards

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