types of drug names
- chemical
- generic
- trade
classification of drug
- effect drug has on body
- symptoms medication relieves
- desired effect
medication forms
capsules, tablets, extended release, lotion, ointment, powder, syrup, inhalants, etc
pharmokinetics
study of movement of drugs within the body
4 processes of pharmokinetics
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion
in order for a medication to be considered therapeutic
must be absorbed, distributed to cells/tissues, and alter physiological function
factors that influence absorption
- route of administration
- ability to dissolve
- blood flow to site
- body surface area
- lipid solubility
topical route
slowest rate
mucous membrane/respiratory tract route
quick rate
IV route
quickest rate
oral route
- takes time
- cheaper
- pt prefers
when a site of administration requires high blood supply, ….
medication absorbs quickly
absorption
passage of meds into the bloodstream from the site of administration
distribution
drug molecules are transported throughout body to where they take action
distribution speed depends on
- adequacy of blood circulation
- protein binding
- selectively permeable blood-brain barrier
metabolism
change of an active drug from its original form to an inactivated or new form
what is the primary site for drug metabolism
liver
what would happen if the liver was damaged and could not function properly
it would take longer to metabolize and can lead to toxicity
how much liquid is needed for proper excretion
8-9 cups a day
medication leave/excrete from body through
- kidney
- liver
- bowel
- lungs
- exocrine glands
where do kidneys excrete most drugs?
through urine
with a decrease in renal function
increase risk of toxicity
if a pt experiences a decrease in renal function, what should the nurse do
lower the dosage
therapeutic effect
expected or desired outcome
