Genome
The complete set of genetic instructions for any organism
All genomes are encoded in nucleic acids – either DNA or RNA
Genetics contributes to which advances
Agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and medicine and is fundamental to modern biology
Transmission Genetics
Encompasses the basic principle of heredity and how traits are passed from one generation to the next
- Relationship between chromosome and heredity
- The arrangement of genes on chromosome
- gene mapping
- how an individual inherits its genetic makeup and how it passes is gene to the next generation
Molecular Genetics
Concerns the chemical nature of the gene itself: how genetic information is encoded, replicated, and expressed
- Cellular process of replication, transcription, and translation
- focuses on gene and its structure, organization, and function
- gene regulation
Population Genetics
Explores the genetic composition of population: groups of individuals of the same species and how that composition changes geographically and with the passage of time
- Evolution – the study of genetics of a population
Model Organism
Organisms that are widely used in genetic research and that can serve as models for the genetic systems of the organism, like humans, which for various reasons, may be more difficult to study
Pangenesis
Early concept of heredity proposing that particles carry genetic information from different parts of the body to the reproductive organs
