Chapter 1

Question 1

Six developmental stages of a group

Answer 1

1. planning
2. beginning
3. assessment
4. middle
5. ending
6. evaluation

Question 2

Mcgowan four step process

Answer 2

1. formulating answerable questions
2. searching for evidence
3. critically reviewing the evidence
4. applying and evaluating the evidence

Question 3

art of practice

Answer 3

using critical thinking skills, evidence, practice skills, and accumulated experiences in similar situations to achieve the very best outcomes for group members and others who are affected by the work of the group

Question 4

half-and-half principle

Answer 4

the importance to focus on group processes as well as the content of the interaction

Question 5

values

Answer 5

beliefs that delineate preferences about how one ought to behave. they refer to a goal that is worth attaining

Question 6

group work values

Answer 6

• participation of and positive relations among people of different color, creed, age, national origin, and social class in the group
• the value of cooperation and mutual decision making embodied in the principles of a participatory democracy
• the importance of individual initiative within the group
• the importance of freedom to participate, including expressing thoughts and feelings about matters of concern to individual members or the group as a whole and having the right to be involved in the decision-making process of the group
• the value of high individualization in the group so that each member’s unique concerns are addressed

Question 7

four key values

Answer 7

1. respect and dignity
2. solidarity and mutual aid
3. empowerment
4. understanding, respect, and camaraderie among people from diverse backgrounds

Question 8

ethical practices with groups

Answer 8

1. informed consent
2. leader competence and training
3. the appropriate conduct of group meetings

Question 9

Advancement of Social Work with Groups revised set of standards for social work groups

Answer 9

1. the essential knowledge and values that underlie social work practice with groups
2. the tasks that should be accomplished in each phase of group work
3. the knowledge that is needed to carry out the tasks in each phase

Question 10

Definition of group work

Answer 10

“goal-directed activity with small treatment and task groups aimed at meeting socio-emotional needs and accomplishing tasks. This activity is directed to individual members of a group and to the group as a whole within a system of service delivery and a larger community and societal environment”

Question 11

small group

Answer 11

implies the ability of members to identify themselves as members, to engage in interaction, and to exchange thoughts and feelings among themselves through verbal, nonverbal, and written communication processes

Question 12

Formed groups

Answer 12

those that come together through some outside influence or intervention

Question 13

natural groups

Answer 13

come together spontaneously based on naturally occurring events, interpersonal attraction, or the mutually perceived needs of members

Question 14

purpose

Answer 14

general aims of a group

Question 15

treatment group

Answer 15

a group whose major purpose is to meet members’ socio-emotional needs

Question 16

task group

Answer 16

any group in which the overriding purpose is to accomplish a goal that is neither intrinsically nor immediately linked to the needs of the members of the group

Question 17

helper-therapy principle

Answer 17

those who provide help derive therapeutic benefit themselves

Question 18

advantages of group treatment

Answer 18

empathy from multiple sources, feedback, helper-therapy, hope, mutual aid, normalization, practice of new behaviors, reality testing, recapitulation, recreation of the family of origin, resources, role models, solidarity, socialization, social support, transcendence, validation, vicarious learning

Question 19

intellective vs. judgmental tasks

Answer 19

groups tend to be more effective than individuals when with problems with known solutions rather than with problems where there is no clear right or wrong answer

Question 20

group work purposes - rehabilitation

Answer 20

restoring members to their former level of functioning

Question 21

group work purposes - habilitation

Answer 21

helping members grow and develop

Question 22

group work purposes - correction

Answer 22

helping members who are having problems with social laws or more

Question 23

group work purposes - socialization

Answer 23

helping members learn how to get along with others and do what is socially acceptable

Question 24

group work purposes - prevention

Answer 24

helping members develop and function at an optimal level and helping them prepare for events that are likely to occur

Question 25

group work purposes - social action

Answer 25

helping members change their environment

Question 26

group work purposes - problem solving

Answer 26

helping members resolve complex issues and concerns

Question 27

group work purposes - developing social values

Answer 27

helping members develop a humanistic approach to living

Question 28

six primary purposes for treatment groups

Answer 28

1. support 2. education 3. growth 4. therapy 5. socialization 6. self-help

Question 29

support groups

Answer 29

can be distinguished from other groups using supportive intervention strategies by their primary goals: to foster mutual aid, to help members cope with stressful life events, and to revitalize and enhance members' coping abilities so they can effectively adapt to and cope with future stressful life events

Question 30

examples of support groups

Answer 30

- a group of children meeting at school to discuss the effects of divorce on their lives - a group of people diagnosed with cancer, and their families, discussing the effects of the disease and how to cope with it - a group of recently discharged psychiatric patients discussing their adjustment to community living - a group of single parents sharing the difficulties of raising children alone

Question 31

educational groups

Answer 31

primary purpose is to help members learn new information and skills

Question 32

examples of educational groups

Answer 32

- an adolescent sexuality group sponsored by a family planning agency - a wellness-in-the-workplace group designed by a social worker directing an employee assistance program - a group for prospective foster parents sponsored by a child welfare agency - a group sponsored by a community planning agency to help board members become more effective

Question 33

growth groups

Answer 33

offer opportunities for members to become aware of, expand, and change their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding themselves and others

Question 34

examples of growth groups

Answer 34

- an encounter group for married couples - a values-clarification group for adolescents - a consciousness-raising group sponsored by a women's community center - a gay-pride group sponsored by a community health clinic serving the gay community in a large urban area

Question 35

therapy groups

Answer 35

help members change their behavior, cope with and ameliorate personal problems, or rehabilitate themselves after physical ,psychological, or social trauma

Question 36

examples of therapy groups

Answer 36

- a psychotherapy group for outpatients at a community mental health center - a group, sponsored by a voluntary health association, for people who want to stop smoking - a first-offenders group in a juvenile diversion program sponsored by a probation department - a hospital-sponsored group for people addicted to drugs

Question 37

socialization groups

Answer 37

help members learn social skills and socially accepted behavior patterns so they can function effectively in the community

Question 38

examples of socialization groups

Answer 38

- a Catholic Youth Organization (CYO) activity group - a social club for outpatients of a psychiatric center - a monthly Vietnam veterans evening social at a rural Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) post - a Parents Without Partners group that includes picnics, dances, and other social activities

Question 39

3 common forms of socialization groups

Answer 39

1. social skills groups 2. governance groups 3. recreation groups

Question 40

social skills group

Answer 40

formed for adults who wish to improve their existing skills. Social skills groups can be particularly useful for individuals who are unable or unwilling to communicate effectively and for those who have difficulty engaging in satisfying social relationships

Question 41

governance group

Answer 41

found in residential settings, such as group homes, psychiatric hospitals, and congregate housing. The purpose of these groups is to involve residents in the daily governance of the institution

Question 42

Recreational groups

Answer 42

particularly important for working with children, adolescents, and older adults in neighborhood centers

Question 43

self-help groups

Answer 43

the distinguishing characteristic of self-help groups is that they are led by members who share the problem experienced by the other members of the group

Question 44

examples of self-help groups

Answer 44

- Alcoholics Anonymous - Mended Hearts - Make Today Count - Gamblers Anonymous

Question 45

3 primary purposes of task groups

Answer 45

1. meeting client needs 2. meeting organizational needs 3. meeting community needs