Chapter 1

Question 1

abdominal cavity

Answer 1

area of the body that contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, small intestine, appendix, and part of the large intestine

Question 2

abdominopelvic cavity (ab-dom-ih-noh-PEL-vick)

Answer 2

area below the diaphragm, with no separation between the abdomen and pelvis

Question 3

anabolism (ah-NAB-oh-lizm)

Answer 3

building up of complex materials in metabolim

Question 4

anatomical position

Answer 4

body standing erect, face forward, arms at side, and palms forward

Question 5

anatomy (ah-NAT-oh-mee)

Answer 5

the study of the structure of an organism

Question 6

anterior

Answer 6

front or ventral

Question 7

biology (bye-OL-oh-jee)

Answer 7

the study of all forms of life

Question 8

buccal cavity (BUCK-ull)

Answer 8

mouth cavity bounded by the inner surface of the cheek

Question 9

catabolism (kah-TAB-oh-lizm)

Answer 9

the breaking down and changing of complex materials with the release of energy; a process in metabolism

Question 10

caudal (KAWD-al)

Answer 10

refers to direction, near the tall end of the body

Question 11

cell

Answer 11

basic unit of structure and function of all living things

Question 12

cephalic (seh-FAL-ick)

Answer 12

directional term used to mean toward the head

Question 13

coronal (frontal) plane

Answer 13

frontal plane at a right angle to the sagittal plan; divides the body into anterior and posterior segments

Question 14

cranial cavity

Answer 14

area of the body containing the brain

Question 15

cytology (sigh-TOL-oh-jee)

Answer 15

study of cells

Question 16

deep

Answer 16

directional term used to describe an internal organ within the body ssuch as the stomach

Question 17

dermatology (der-mah-TOL-oh-jee)

Answer 17

study of the physiology and pathology of the skin

Question 18

disease (diz-EASE)

Answer 18

any abnormal changes in the structure and function of an organism that produces symptoms

Question 19

distal

Answer 19

farthest from the point of origin of a structure; opposite of proximal

Question 20

dorsal

Answer 20

pertaining to the back

Question 21

dorsal cavity

Answer 21

posterior cavity of the body that houses the brain and spinal column

Question 22

embryology (em-bree-OL-oh-jee)

Answer 22

study of the formation of an organism from fertilized egg to birth

Question 23

endocrinology (en-doh-krin-OL-oh-jee)

Answer 23

study of the physiology and pathology of the hormonal system

Question 24

epigastric (ep-ih-GAS-trick)

Answer 24

upper region of the abdominal cavity, located just below the sternum

Question 25

external

Answer 25

superficial; at or near the surface of the skin

Question 26

histology (hiss-TOL-oh-jee)

Answer 26

microscopic study of living tissues

Question 27

homeostasis (hoe-mee-oh-STAY-sis)

Answer 27

state of balance; the ability of the healthy body to regulate the internal environment within narrow limits

Question 28

hypogastric (high-poh-GAS-trick)

Answer 28

lower region of the abdominal area

Question 29

inferior

Answer 29

below another or lower

Question 30

internal

Answer 30

term used to refer to body cavities and hollow organs; same as 'deep'

Question 31

lateral

Answer 31

toward the side

Question 32

life functions

Answer 32

a series of highly organized and related activities that allow living organisms to live, grow, and maintain themselves

Question 33

medial

Answer 33

directional term, toward midline of the body

Question 34

metabolism (meh-TAB-oh-lizm)

Answer 34

the functional activities of cells that result in growth, repair, and the release of energy by the cells

Question 35

metric system

Answer 35

a decimal system based on the power of 10. The medical community uses this system to determine length (measured in cm = centimeters), weight (measured in g = gram, mg = milligram, kg = kilogram), and volume (measured in L = liter, mL = milliliter)

Question 36

midsagittal plane

Answer 36

an imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves

Question 37

nasal cavity

Answer 37

one of the pair of cavities between the anterior nares and the nasopharynx

Question 38

neurology (new-ROL-oh-jee)

Answer 38

study of the physiology and pathology of the nervous system

Question 39

oral cavity

Answer 39

encloses the teeth and tongue

Question 40

orbital cavity

Answer 40

contains the eye and its external structures

Question 41

organ system

Answer 41

organs that are grouped together because more than one is needed to perform a function

Question 42

organs

Answer 42

groups of tissues organized according to structure and function

Question 43

pelvic cavity

Answer 43

area of the body containing the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum, remainder of the large intestine, and appendix

Question 44

physiology (fiz-ee-OL-oh-jee)

Answer 44

study of the functions of living organisms and their parts

Question 45

planes

Answer 45

imaginary, anatomical dividing lines useful in separating body structures

Question 46

posterior

Answer 46

located behind or at the back; opposite to anterior

Question 47

proximal

Answer 47

located nearest the center of the body; point of attachment of a structure

Question 48

quadrants

Answer 48

a term used in reference to the abdominal area by dividing it into four areas, or quadrants

Question 49

sagittal plane (SAJ-ih-tal)

Answer 49

directional term that divides the body into left and right parts

Question 50

section

Answer 50

a cut made through the body in the direction of a certain plane

Question 51

spinal cavity

Answer 51

area of the body containing the spinal cord

Question 52

superficial

Answer 52

on or near the surface of the body

Question 53

superior

Answer 53

in anatomy, higher; denoting upper of two parts, toward vertex

Question 54

thoracic cavity (tho-RASS-ik)

Answer 54

area of the body divided into two cavities: the left pleural cavity contains the left lung and the right pleural cavity contains the right lung

Question 55

tissues

Answer 55

cells grouped according to size, shape, and function; epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissues are examples

Question 56

transverse

Answer 56

crosswise; at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the body

Question 57

umbilical

Answer 57

area located around the navel; the right and left lumbar region

Question 58

umbilicus (um-BILL-ih-kus)

Answer 58

navel

Question 59

ventral

Answer 59

front or anterior; opposite of posterior or dorsal