Data
a given or fact
- can be number, statement, or picture
- is the raw material in the production of information
Information
facts or conclusions that have meaning within context
- composed of data that has been manipulated
Process
the manipulation of data; usually produces information but may produce more data
- a piece of information in one context may be considered data in another context
FOUR STAGES OF PROCESSING DATA
Input - enter data into IS usually about a transaction
Processing - changing and manipulating the data
Output - get information out of the IS
Storage - maintaining vast amounts of data and information
Transaction / TPS
a business event
Transaction processing system (TPS) - a system that records transactions
Telecommunications
communications that occurs between computers over distances
- transfer data through the support of networking devices and communication lines
Information Technology
the technology involving the development, maintenance, and use of computer systems, software, and networks for the processing and distribution of data
System
array of components that work together to achieve goal(s)
- systems may have multiple goals and subsystems
Subsystem
component of a larger system
- sub-goal that contributes to main goal
Closed/Open Systems
Closed system has no connections with other systems
Open system interfaces and interacts with other systems
- often a subsystem, which by definition are always open
Information System (IS)
all components that work together to process data and produce information
