Chapter 1

Question 1

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Answer 1

1. all matter consists of individual particles called atoms. 2. All atoms of 1 element are identical (not true anymore). 3. different elements have different atoms. 4. Atoms are indestructible.

Question 2

Who “Discovered” the Electron

Answer 2

Thompson + Millikan

Question 3

Who “Discovered” the Proton

Answer 3

Rutherford

Question 4

Who “Discovered” the Neutron

Answer 4

Chadwick + Rutherford

Question 5

What are Laws

Answer 5

reliable observations

Question 6

What are Theories

Answer 6

models of behavior (explanations)

Question 7

Atomic Number

Answer 7

Number of Protons in an elements nucleus

Question 8

Mass Number

Answer 8

Number of Protons and Neutrons in an elements nucleus

Question 9

Isotopes

Answer 9

Variations of an element with same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons

Question 10

Pure Substance

Answer 10

1. Have one or many components. 2. Can only be separated by chemical means.

Question 11

Mixtures

Answer 11

1. Always has many components 2. Can be separated by physical means

Question 12

Single Components

Answer 12

Elements

Question 13

Multi-Components

Answer 13

Compounds made from various elements

Question 14

Homogenous mixture

Answer 14

Even distribution throughout

Question 15

Heterogenous mixture

Answer 15

Uneven distribution throughout

Question 16

Physical Change

Answer 16

Does not change the composition of substance

Question 17

Chemical Change

Answer 17

Changes the composition of the substance

Question 18

Intensive Property

Answer 18

Independent of sample size

Question 19

Extensive Property

Answer 19

Dependent on sample size

Question 20

Physical Property

Answer 20

property that doesn’t change substance composition

Question 21

Chemical Property

Answer 21

Property of a substance that can
be observed when a substance undergoes change

Question 22

Value and symbol of Giga

Answer 22

G, 10 to the 9

Question 23

Value and symbol of Mega

Answer 23

M, 10 to the 6

Question 24

Value and symbol of kilo

Answer 24

k, 10 to the 3

Question 25

Value and symbol of hecto

Answer 25

h, 10 to the 2

Question 26

Value and symbol of deka

Answer 26

da, 10 to the 1

Question 27

Value and symbol of deci

Answer 27

d, 10 to the -1

Question 28

Value and symbol of milli

Answer 28

m 10 to the -3

Question 29

Value and symbol of centi

Answer 29

c, 10 to the -2

Question 30

Value and symbol of micro

Answer 30

µ, 10 to the -6

Question 31

Value and symbol of nano

Answer 31

n, 10 to the -9

Question 32

Value and symbol of pico

Answer 32

p, 10 the the -12

Question 33

Celsius to Kelvin

Answer 33

degrees Celsius +273.15

Question 34

Kelvin to Celsius

Answer 34

degrees Kelvin -273.15

Question 35

Accuracy

Answer 35

how close you are to actual target

Question 36

Precision

Answer 36

how reproducible (close) your actions are

Question 37

Density

Answer 37

mass/volume

Question 38

Specific Gravity

Answer 38

Density of solution/Density of water