Natural Law
arises from seeing the same observations from many systems; a summary of your observations.
Matter
Anything that takes up space and has mass and inertia
Physical Properties of Matter
depend on composition and conditions ex) color, odor shape, melting point
Physical Changes
physical properties may change but its composition remains unchanged
ex) water to ice
Chemical Property
the ability of a sample of matter to undergo a change in composition under stated conditions
Chemical Change
one or more kinds of matter are converted into new kinds of matter w different compositions
Atoms
Tiny units that make up matter; each different type of atom represents a different element
Molecule
smallest unit of a chemical compound, 2 or more atoms bonded together
Compounds
Substances comprising atoms of two or more elements joined together, constant composition, requires a chemical process to break it down. Every compound has molecules but not every molecule is a compound
Homogeneous mixture
All parts fully mixed and visually indistinguishable i.e. a solution like vinegar, air, brass
heterogenous mixtures
visually distinguishable parts, different physical properties. ex) salad dressing
Filtration
separation of a solid from the liquid in which it is suspended, uses porous medium (filter paper, charcoal, zeolites)
Distillation
Separate volatile compounds, different boiling points, ex) desalination of water
Extensive property
dependent on the quantity of matter observed ex) mass
Intensive property
independent on the quantity of matter observed ex) density
Mass
Quantity of matter in an object; grams (g)
Density
intensive property of matter, the ratio of mass to volume
Formula: Mass/volume
