What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
True or False: A chemical change alters the composition of a substance.
True.
Fill in the blank: A _____ change does not affect the chemical composition of a substance.
physical
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Ask a question or identify a problem.
What is a hypothesis?
A testable prediction about the outcome of an experiment.
True or False: The scientific method is a linear process.
False.
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group.
What does dimensional analysis help with?
Converting units and ensuring equations are dimensionally consistent.
Fill in the blank: In dimensional analysis, you multiply by a conversion factor that is equal to _____ 1.
one
What is the significance of significant figures?
They indicate the precision of a measurement.
True or False: The number of significant figures in a measurement includes all non-zero digits.
True.
How do you determine the number of significant figures in a decimal number?
All non-zero digits, any zeros between significant digits, and trailing zeros in the decimal portion count.
What is the rule for significant figures in multiplication and division?
The result should have the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the least significant figures.
What is the rule for significant figures in addition and subtraction?
The result should have the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the least decimal places.
What is an example of a physical change?
Melting ice.
What is an example of a chemical change?
Rusting of iron.
What is the role of observation in the scientific method?
To gather data and evidence to support or refute a hypothesis.
Fill in the blank: A _____ is a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature.
law
What is the difference between a theory and a law in science?
A theory explains why phenomena occur, while a law describes what happens.
True or False: The scientific method can only be applied in laboratory settings.
False.
What is the significance of peer review in scientific research?
It ensures the validity and reliability of research findings.
What does it mean for a hypothesis to be falsifiable?
It can be proven wrong through experimentation.
What is a variable in an experiment?
Any factor that can be changed or controlled.
