Infantile amnesia
Cannot recall memory from childhood. Many cultural factors play a role in this; if from a culture where story telling is important then will remember childhood memories.
Lifespan development
focuses on cognitive, physical, and social development that occurs from birth to death.
What do developmental researchers investigate?
They investigate how biological and environmental factors jointly influence human development.
Is the effect of biology and environment, bidirectional or unidirectional?
Research has shown that it can be either.
What three factors are working in an interdependent fashion in lifespan development?
biological processes(hormones), cognitive processes ( how you feel and what you are thinking), and socioemotional process( the response other give on the way you behave).
What are some characteristic of lifespan perspective?
- lifelong: spans from birth to death (no one period takes precedence).
- Multidimensional
- Multi directional: some abilities will increase while some will decrease as we grow.
- Plastic: we are maliable. this allows for change, plasticity tends to decrease with age.
- Multidisciplinary: many collaborative research occurs.
- Contextual: cultural, historical, economic, and social influence contextual. these environmental factors affect the way a person develops biological factors.
- Growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss: as we age and go through loss, we regulate that by coping strategies. we go from bilateral to unilateral to bilateral activation in visual task.
- co-construction of biology, culture, and the individual: culture affects the way we visualize things.
What are the four development types in tropical areas?
- physical development: physical make up of an individual.
- cognitive development: development that involves growth and change in intellectual abilities and how these changes influence behavior.
- Personality development: change and stability in the enduring characteristics that differentiate individuals.
- social development: growth, stability, and change in how individuals interact with others and in the quality of their relationship with others.
Developmental periods:
- Prenatal period (conception-birth): marked by significant growth.
- Infancy (birth to 18-24 months): marked by significant development in terms of attachment.
- Early childhood( 3-5 years): more independent, more cognitive growth.
- Middle and late childhood ( 6-10/11 years): comparision starts to take place with peers.
- Adolescence ( 12-21 years): Identity, start playing with different identity.
- Early adulthood (20s and 30s): financial independent, settle down.
- Middle adulthood( 40s and 50s): give back to the next generation.
- Late adulthood(60-70s to death): regulation of loss.
cohort
a group of individuals that are born around the same time and in a similar location. COHORTS ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH A CERTAIN AGE.
SILENT generation
1928-45: lived through the great depression
Boomer
1946-1964: Economic prosperity, individuals had more kids, hence more competitive.
GenX
1965-80: individualists and skeptical to authority, born into a strong trend of divorce and economic unsuitability.
Millenial
1981-1996: development in technology.
Continuous change
development is gradual and new achievements build upon previous achievement. This is QUANTITATIVE CHANGE.
Discontinuous change
development occurs in distinct stages. Different stages highlight QUANTITATIVELY different behavior.
Critical period
a certain time in development where an even will have its most profound consequences.
NO GAINS CAN BE MADE
Sensitive period
Particular time during development when an individual is particularly suspectible to certain types of stimuli and environment. Little less black and white.
SOME GAIN CAN STILL BE MADE.
