Demography
The study of human population satistics
Growth rate
A number that shows the increase or decrease in a population during a certain period of time
Birth rate
The number of live births per thousand people every year
Death rate
The number of deaths per thousand people every year
Migration
The movement of people from one place to another
Economy
The system by which goods and services are produced, sold and bought in a country or region
Carrying capacity
The max capacity of people that a region can support without running out of resources
Population distribution
The patterns of how people are arranged in an area
Clustered
Close tgh and unevenly distributed over an area
Scattered
Spread over a large area and not grouped tgh
Linear
Forming a line, which can be straight or wavy
Peripheral
Distributed along the outer perimeter of an area
Population density
The number of people in a given area
Dense
High population density
Sparse
Low population density
Settlement Hierarchy
An ordering of settlements by size of population
Arable land
An area with fertile soil in a moderate climate, with a consistent water supply, that can be used to grow crops
What factors influence population growth?
Population demographics
Social attitudes
Education
Healthcare
What do demographers do?
Demographers study the statistical characteristics of human populations, including birth rates, death rates, and migration, to understand, track, and predict population trends.
What are the impacts of overpopulation
Overpopulated places don’t have enought resources to support a growing population. It can impact natural resources like land,water and air.
What are the different population distribution patterns? Explain with a
diagram and one line explaining the diagram.
Clusrered - Tightly packed in a small area
Scattered - Is spread out over a larger area
Linear - lines up along a natural or human-bulit feature
Peripheral - surrounds a feature, like a mountain or stadium, or circles the edge of a territory.
Explain the settlement hierarchy, as used by the urban planners.
Smallest after a single home is
Hamlet (<100)
Village (100)
Town (1000)
City (100000)
Megacity(10mil)
Why do population patterns matter?
Because they need this to plan out for services, to check wheree schools need to be bulit or where to extend bus routes
What are the two groups of factors that influence settlement patterns?
Explain each.
Natural factors - the availability of resources like good soil for farming cilmate, fresh water, vegetation and landforms People also tend to settle in places with arable land and deep, sheltered harbour, where rivers meet or at the end of a mountain pass for their transportation advantages. Places with forests and minerials since these natural resources provide materials for food, shelter and trade.
Human factors - Religious, economic, political and historical reason for settling in a particular area. People often choose to settle in areas where they can freely practice their religion.
People settle in places that offer jobs, trade opportunities, or resources. People may settle in areas where they feel politically safe or free. Some migrate to escape war, dictatorship, or oppression, while others move to regions with stable governments and better rights or freedoms. Some places have long histories of settlement due to tradition, ancestry, or cultural significance.
