Chapter 1: Introduction

Question 1

The part of security concerned with physical measures that have been designed to protect people, equipment, materials, and documents from damage, loss, or unauthorized access.

Answer 1

Physical Security

Question 1

A detailed instruction for carrying out security policies, often presented as lists or steps to take.

Answer 1

Procedure

Question 1

Anything of value to the organization. It can have tangible and/or intangible properties such as physical objects, people, or information.

Answer 1

Asset

Question 1

Prevents the use of an incorrect key entering or turning a lock mechanism.

Answer 1

Ward

Question 1

A noteworthy happening such as a security incident, safety situation, medical emergency, or similar occurrence.

Answer 1

Event

Question 1

Deter - always the first objective
Detect - must include assessment
Delay - begins after detection and communication to the response force
Deny - prevent access

Answer 1

The Four Ds

Question 1

An individual who has the intent to harm a person or facility. There are two types; an outsider and an insider.

Answer 1

Adversary

Question 1

Cease the actions of an adversary.

Answer 1

Neutralize

Question 2

Also referred to as layered protection or protection-in-depth, __________ is a fundamental concept used in physical security. It consists of placing multiple layers of concentric security features that provide 360-degree protection without gaps or weaknesses. It is important that each layer of security has the same level of protection all the way around the asset, including above and below the asset, which is referred to as having “Balanced Protection”.

Answer 2

Defense-in-depth

Question 3

A natural or manmade object designed to restrict or impede movement of animals, people, or vehicles and/or materials.

Answer 3

Barrier

Question 4

The process of implementing perimeters to control and document people, vehicles, and materials for a protected area.

Answer 4

Access Control

Question 5

A surveillance system that captures visual images and then transmits the images to monitors, recorders and control equipment. Includes CCTV (Closed circuit television) and network-based video systems.

Answer 5

Video Surveillance

Question 6

The threat (tactics, weapons, tools, explosives, or expertise) against which assets must be protected. It is the design of the protective measures and procedures to prevent the threat from being successful.

Answer 6

Design Basis Threat (DBT)

Question 7

The ______ is the point where the delay time exceeds the response force time. Simply put, it is the time it takes for the detection and response functions to interrupt (stop) the adversary before they can compromise or destroy an asset (deny).

Answer 7

Critical Detection Point (CDP)

Question 8

One or more buildings that are related by function and location to form an operating entity.

Answer 8

Facility

Question 9

Facility layout and utilization
Protection strategy
Structural and electronic security systems
Security officer operations and other human support
Physical security program management

Answer 9

Concept of Design Elements

Question 10

The process of assessing security-related risk from internal and external threats to the organization, its people, or its assets.

Answer 10

Risk Assessment

Question 11

A Physical Protection System.

Answer 11

PPS

Question 12

A practice or device that is designed to protect people, assets, or information from damage, loss, or unauthorized access.

Answer 12

Security Measure

Question 13

Placement of hazardous materials
Air intake and exhaust design
Utilities including; water, electric, natural gas, communications, sewer, drainage culverts, etc.
Neighboring facilities and operations
Contingency planning

Answer 13

Key Design Considerations for Planners

Question 14

An indication or event that can result in a loss, damage, or unauthorized access to an asset. Can be terrorism, vandalism, theft, bombing, etc.

Answer 14

Threat

Question 15

An occurrence or action likely to impact assets.

Answer 15

Security Incident

Question 16

Knowledge and theory applied to practice

Answer 16

Cognitive Learning

Question 17

Attitude/perception of cultures, adversary, and asset protection

Answer 17

Affective Learning

Question 18

Physical skills/hands-on training

Answer 18

Psychomotor

Question 19

___________ are bodies of principles for the officer. They include items such as prohibiting smoking, eating, and personal cell phone use while on duty and how they will maintain their post, wear their uniform, and use company equipment.

Answer 19

General Orders

Question 20

_________ conversely, may be developed to address special events such as a board meeting, holiday party, or public function. These orders have a specific timeframe and scope.

Answer 20

Special Ordes

Question 21

__________also known as Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), are the most important document for the security force as it will list officer duties, explain any policies and procedures and provides a basis for training. These orders should be written clearly and be easy to understand, using the following criteria as a guide: Each order should deal with a single subject. Each order should be concise. Each order should be easy to understand. Orders should be indexed based on content. Orders should be available at every post. Orders should contain a coordinated set of instructions (no contradictions).

Answer 21

Post Orders

Question 22

Four Main Areas Policies Address:

Answer 22

General - general objectives, responsibilities of staff, accountability, reporting, auditing, etc. People - workplace violence, emergency evacuation, prohibited items, security awareness, etc. Property - acceptable use of equipment, investigations, key control, safeguarding property, etc. Information - disclosure, marking, storage, handling, destruction of documents, etc.

Question 23

Statements of a principle that each employee must follow while performing business functions

Answer 23

Policies

Question 24

Detailed instructions on how to perform daily work, often using a step-by-step process or a written list of duties.

Answer 24

Procedures

Question 25

Three Main Areas Procedures Address

Answer 25

People - response to threats, evacuations, visitor management, employee access badging, etc. Property - securing assets, marking property, key issuance, officer duties (post orders), etc. Information - marking, storage, and destruction of information and technical surveillance countermeasures (anti-eavesdropping), etc.

Question 26

Measures based on a reference, with two or more points (quantity over time) and that offers insight into performance, operations, or quality.

Answer 26

Metrics

Question 27

Are legally defensible and enforceable; Comply with other organizational policies and procedures; Follow best industry practices by demonstrating duty of care; Conform to national, state, and local laws and regulations; and Protect the staff and organization from lawsuits.

Answer 27

Legal considerations

Question 28

Events or actions that may cause loss, harm or damage, that are known, or should have been known, to the organization and/or the security officers before the event occurred

Answer 28

Foreseeability

Question 29

When an officer is the immediate cause of an injury to a victim

Answer 29

Proximate Cause

Question 30

When officers engage in unreasonable conduct

Answer 30

Breach of Duty

Question 31

When officers engage in conduct beyond their duties

Answer 31

Failure to Adhere to Duty Guidleines

Question 32

The Four Ds of security: (What is the 5th?)

Answer 32

Deter, Detect, Delay, Deny

Question 33

_______ consists of multiple security measures around an asset.

Answer 33

Layered protection or protection in-depth (defense-in-depth)

Question 34

_______ protection means that all protective measures are evenly deployed around an asset.

Answer 34

Balanced protection

Question 35

Defense-in-Depth (Protection-in-Depth or Layered Security) when applied in a basic format has three layers of protection:

Answer 35

1) outer layer, 2) middle layer, and 3) inner layer.

Question 36

_______ is the basis of PPS design used to protect an asset by analyzing adversary skills, tools, tactics, and the pathway an adversary might use to compromise the asset.

Answer 36

Design Basis Threat (DBT)

Question 37

________ is the point where the delay time exceeds the response force time.

Answer 37

Critical Detection Point (CDP)

Question 38

___________ should be balanced between the various forms of security measures (structural, electronic, and procedural) to be effective.

Answer 38

The Physical Protection System (PPS)

Question 39

__________ can be defined as any site where the outer perimeter is loosely controlled, and the primary focus is on individual buildings within the perimeter or spaces within the buildings.

Answer 39

Point security

Question 40

___________ is where the perimeter and entry portals have a higher level of control and security features.

Answer 40

Area security

Question 41

____________ for each subsystem or component is based on the contribution the device or component makes to the overall PPS performance.

Answer 41

Performance criteria

Question 42

_____________ relies the fact that the component is present, not on the performance of that feature or component.

Answer 42

Feature-based criteria

Question 43

______________ is tasked with protecting property, enforcing rules, and directing pedestrians and vehicular traffic.

Answer 43

The security officer

Question 44

During a partial bomb evacuation, the security officer should focus on .......

Answer 44

the floor involved with the suspected bomb, and the floors immediately above and below the floor involved.

Question 45

________ security services are often less expensive than proprietary security officers.

Answer 45

Contract

Question 46

A simple formula that can be used to determine if an armed security officer is needed

Answer 46

1) that there is a greater danger to life safety without the armed officer 2) the security officer may reasonably be expected to use fatal force.

Question 47

Learning can be separated into three distinct domains

Answer 47

: 1) cognitive learning, 2) affective learning, and 3) psychomotor learning.

Question 48

Education + Training + Guided Experience

Answer 48

Development

Question 49

There are three kinds of orders that direct security officer operations

Answer 49

1) general orders, 2) post orders, and 3) special orders.

Question 50

_______ orders are the most important written document for the security force, because it lists officer duties, policies and procedures and provides a basis for training.

Answer 50

Post

Question 51

Policies address four main areas

Answer 51

1) general, 2) people, 3) property, and 4) information

Question 52

Procedures address three main areas

Answer 52

1) people, 2) property, and 3) information

Question 53

_________ are strategic principles that must be followed and require approval at the executive level.

Answer 53

Security policies

Question 54

_________are steps to accomplish day-to-day tasks in meeting policy requirements and change more often than policies. Post Orders (SOPs) are an example of this.

Answer 54

Security procedures

Question 55

Security officers have two main types of metrics ______ and ______

Answer 55

1) response metrics, and 2) training metrics.

Question 56

Training metrics comprise ______ programs and ______ programs.

Answer 56

1) inward facing programs, and 2) outward-facing programs.