Chapter 10

Question 1

Self efficacy

Answer 1

individuals belief that they have what it takes to marshal together the resources needed to cope effectively with the changing and potentially overwelling demands of a situation

Question 2

Self efficacy arises from

Answer 2

1. personal behaviour history of trying to execute the paticular course of action in the past
2. observations are similar to others as they excute the same behaviour
3. verbal persuasions from others
4. physiological states such as an abnormally fast vs calm heart beat

Question 3

self efficacy affects a persons

Answer 3

1. choice of activities and selection of enviornments
2. extent of effort, persistence and resiliency
3. the quality of clarity of one’s thinking and decsion making
4. emotional reactions

Question 4

Learned helplessness

Answer 4

is the psychological state that results when an indivdiual expects that events in his or her life is uncontrollable

Question 5

3 components explaining learned helplessness

Answer 5

1. contingency
2. cognition
3. behaviour

Question 6

Reactance theory

Answer 6

explains how people react to uncontrollable life events

Question 7

expectancy-value models

Answer 7

supplement the expectancy-nased models of motivtion with the new motivation concept of value

Question 8

value

Answer 8

is the perceived attractiveness of a tasks and it has 4 components including interests, utility value ,attainment value and cost