Parental sensitivity
– appropriately responsive
-not too little
-not too much
Individualistic – Avoidant
“German parents seek independent, non-clingy infants, who do not make demands on parents,
but obey their commands.”
Collectivistic – Ambivalent
“Israeli children were reared in a Kibbutz (communal living) so were used to being separated
from their mother. As a result they do not show anxiety when their mother leaves.”
How do attachment styles correlate with disorders?
Secure is least common attachment style in PD
Correlated, leaning towards third var
Ex. Disorganized & PD - Abusive parents/those affected by abuse
How do attachment styles correlate with disorders?
Insecure – higher in those with depression, anxiety, OCD, ED
Development of self – Infant / toddler
- Control of objects outside of themselves (2-4 mo)
- Separation anxiety (8-12 mo)
- Joint attention (8-12 mo)
Development of self – Infant / toddler
- Recognize self in a mirror (18-20 mo)
- Possessiveness (18-20 mo)
- Self-conscious emotions (2 yr)
- Language (2.5 yr)
Early childhood - Self
- Preschool children – some limitations to self-understanding
- Concrete
- Physical
Early childhood - Self
- Active
- Preferences
- Unrealistic / positive overestimations
- Do not yet compare self to peers
Early childhood - Others
- Psychological traits (later)
- Realistic/accurate?
- Competency/understanding – experience/coaching
- Early dev of Theory of Mind
Middle childhood - Self
- Internal characteristics
- Social descriptions
- Social comparison
Middle childhood - Self
- Realistic
- Real and ideal self
- Who I am and who I want to be
Middle childhood - Others
- Perspective taking
- Pro/anti social
- Realism/skepticism
Adolescence – Self and Others
Abstract characteristics
Self-conscious
Contradictions
Self-integration
* Contradictions are ok
Adolescence – Self and Others
Others
* Theory of Mind
* Complex
Self-concept
who am I
-I am a good student
Self-esteem
how do I feel about myself
-I am a good student, I am a bad student
Self -esteem in media and identity
- Social media – easy comparisons
- Negative impact – body image, likes
- “‘You take fifty photos, delete forty-nine and use one”
Self -esteem in media and identity benefits
- Finding community
- present genuine identity
- Models
Identity achievement
has committed and explored
Identity moratorium
has NOT committed, but has explored
Identity foreclosure
has committed, but NOT explored
Identity diffusion
has NOT committed or has NOT explored
Can you move between identities?
YES!
-MAMA cycle
