EMT Interim 2 > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

EMT-administered medication

A

Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient.

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2
Q

absorption

A

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.

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3
Q

action

A

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.

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4
Q

adverse effects

A

Any unwanted clinical results of a medication.

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5
Q

agonist

A

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.

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6
Q

antagonist

A

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.

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7
Q

antibiotic

A

A medication used to treat infections caused by a bacterium.

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8
Q

anticoagulant

A

A medication that impairs the ability of blood to clot.

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9
Q

antifungal

A

A medication used to treat infections caused by a fungus.

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10
Q

antiplatelet

A

A medication that prevents blood platelets from clumping or sticking together.

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11
Q

antipyretics

A

Medications that treat or reduce a fever.

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12
Q

aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

A

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping).

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13
Q

contraindications

A

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient.

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14
Q

dose

A

The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age.

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15
Q

duration

A

The amount of time that clinical effects of a medication last.

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16
Q

elimination

A

The process of removing a medication or chemical from within the body.

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17
Q

enteral medications

A

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system.

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18
Q

epinephrine

A

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree.

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19
Q

gel

A

A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes.

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20
Q

generic name

A

The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its proprietary or trade names); the name is not capitalized.

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21
Q

glucose

A

A simple sugar that the body’s cells use for energy.

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22
Q

hypoglycemia

A

An abnormally low blood glucose level.

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23
Q

indications

A

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication.

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24
Q

inhalation

Study These Flashcards
A

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; a medication delivery route.

25
intramuscular (IM) injection
An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route.
26
intranasal (IN)
A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the nares.
27
intraosseous (IO) injection
An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route.
28
intravenous (IV) injection
An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route.
29
medication
A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
30
medication error
Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm.
31
metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs.
32
mucosal atomizer device (MAD)
A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into a nostril.
33
nitroglycerin
A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self-administer this medication.
34
onset of action
The amount of time from the administration of a medication to the onset of clinical effects.
35
oral
By mouth; a medication delivery route.
36
oral glucose
A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit.
37
over-the-counter (OTC) medications
Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription.
38
oxygen
A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without oxygen.
39
parenteral medications
Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes.
40
patient-assisted medication
When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication.
41
peak
The point or period when the maximum clinical effect of a drug is achieved.
42
peer-assisted medication
When the EMT administers medication to himself or herself or to a partner.
43
per os (PO)
Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral.
44
per rectum (PR)
Through the rectum; a medication delivery route.
45
pharmacodynamics
The process by which a medication works on the body.
46
pharmacokinetics
The processes that the body performs on a medication, including how it is absorbed, distributed, possibly changed, and eliminated.
47
pharmacology
The study of the properties and effects of medications.
48
polypharmacy
The use of multiple medications on a regular basis.
49
prescription medications
Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order.
50
solution
A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.
51
subcutaneous injection
Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route.
52
sublingual (SL)
Under the tongue; a medication delivery route.
53
suspension
A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve.
54
topical medications
Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route.
55
trade name
The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.
56
transcutaneous (transdermal)
Through the skin; a medication delivery route.
57
unintended effects
Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient.
58
untoward effects
Actions that can be harmful to the patient.
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