Chapter 13

Question 1

Morrill Land-Grant Act

Answer 1

provided states with funds for agricultural and mechanical colleges.

Question 2

Nathan Bedford Forrest

Answer 2

Founder of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

Question 3

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 3

Terrorist organization founded in 1866 with goal of neutralizing the power of the Republican Party

• The Ku Klux Klan was founded in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1866.
• It was originally a social club for Confederate veterans who adopted secret oaths and rituals—similar to the Union Leagues, but with far more deadly results.

Question 4

15th Amendment

Answer 4

prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen’s “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” It was ratified on February 3, 1870, as the third and last of the Reconstruction Amendments.

Question 5

Enforcement Act of 1870

Answer 5

Passed in 1870 meant to respond to terrorism in the south.

Question 6

Ku Klux Klan Act

Answer 6

Made it a federal offense to interfere with an individual’s right to vote, hold office, serve on jury, or enjoy equal protection of the law

Question 7

Civil Rights Act of 1875

Answer 7

Originally intended to open public accommodations including schools, churches, cemeteries, hotels, and and transportation to all people regardless of race

Question 8

Redemption

Answer 8

1 the action of saving or being saved from sin, error, or evil:
2 the action of regaining or gaining possession of something in exchange for payment, or clearing a debt.

Question 9

Compromise of 1877

Answer 9

was a purported informal, unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election, pulled federal troops out of state politics in the South, and ended the Reconstruction Era.

Question 10

What did groups like the Ku Klux Klan hope to achieve?

Answer 10

If black men in politics was illegitimate—in the eyes of white Southerners—then it was acceptable to use violence to remove them.

• This thinking gave rise to militant terrorist organizations, such as tithe Ku Klux Klan, the Knights of the White Camellia, the White Brotherhood,and the Whitecaps.
• Threats, intimidation, beatings, rapes, and murder would restore conservative white Democratic rule and force black peo- pie back into subordination.

Question 11

Why was Hiram Revels important?

Answer 11

• Former U.S. senator Hiram Revels was its first president of the first historically black state university: Alcorn A&M. College.
• Black Members of the U.S. Congress, 1870-1873; Occupation = Barber, minister, teacher, college president
• In 1872 Mississippi legislators took advantage of the 1862 federal Morrill Land- Grant Act, which provided states with funds tor agricultural and mechan- ical colleges. They founded the first historically black state university: Alcorn A&M College. The university was named after a white Republican governor, James L. Alcorn.
• Hiram R. Revels represented Mississippi in the U.S. Senate from February 1870 until March 1871. He went on to serve as Mississippi’s secretary of state.