Define groups?
a collection of people who have something in common that distinguishes them from others.
What is social psychology?
The study of the causes and consequences of sociality. How peoples thoughts, feelings and behaviour are impacted by actual, imagined or implied presence.
Define aggression?
behaviour with the purpose of harming another.
Define frustration-aggression hypothesis?
A principle stating that animals aggress when their goals are thwarted.
Define prejudice?
A positive or negative evaluation of another person based on their group membership.
Define discrimination?
Positive or negative behaviour towards another person based on their group membership.
Define the common knowledge effect?
the tendency for group discussions to focus on information that all members share.
Define group polarization?
The tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than any member would have made alone.
Define groupthink?
The tendency for groups to reach consensus in order to facilitate interpersonal harmony.
Define deindividuation?
A phenomenon that occurs when immersion in a group causes people to become less aware of their individual values.
Define diffusion of responsibility?
The tendency for individuals to feel diminished responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting the same way.
Define social loafing?
The tendency for people to expend less effort when in a group than when alone.
Define bystander intervention?
The act of helping strangers in an emergency situation.
Define altruism?
Behaviour that benefits another without benefiting oneself.
Define kin selection?
The process by which evolution selects for individuals who cooperate with their relatives.
Define Reciprocal altruism?
Behaviour that benefits another with the expectation that those benefits will be returned in the future.
Define passionate love?
An experience involving feelings of euphoria, intimacy, and intense sexual attraction.
Define Companionate love?
An experience involving affection, trust and concern for a partners well-being.
Define social exchange?
The hypothesis that people remain in relationships only as long as they perceive a favourable ratio of costs to benefits.
Define equity?
A state of affairs in which the cost-benefit ratios of two partners are roughly equal.
Define social influence?
The ability to control another persons behaviour.
Define mere exposure effect?
The tendency for liking to increase with the frequency of exposure.
Define comparison level?
The cost-benefit ratio that people believe they deserve or could attain in another relationship.
Define Norms?
Customary standards for behaviour that are widely shared by members of a culture.
