Chapter 13- Acid Base

Question 1

Properties of acids

Answer 1

Usually taste sour
are corrosive
Are moelcular in structure and dissolve in water to produce an electrolyte
Neutralised by bases

Question 2

Properties of bases

Answer 2

• Usually taste bitter
• Feel slippery
• Usually insoluble in water

Question 3

Acid ……. a proton (H+ ion)

Answer 3

looses

Question 4

Base……. a proton (H+ ion)

Answer 4

gains

Question 5

What is an ionisation reaction?

Answer 5

A reaction in which a substance reacts with water to produce ions.

Question 6

Hydrolysis Reaction

Answer 6

When one substance reacts with water to form OH- or H3O+ ions

Question 7

Explain the process of neutralisation

Answer 7

Process of an acid reacting with a base, produces a salt and water.

Question 8

What are spectator ions?

Answer 8

ions that do not take part in the reaction

Question 9

Conjugate acid-base pairs

Answer 9

The substance acting as an acid gives away the proton forms a conjugate base. The substance acting as as base after accepting a proton forms a conjugate acid.

Question 10

conjugate base=

Answer 10

acid- H+

Question 11

conjugate acid=

Answer 11

base+ H+

Question 12

Define polyportic acids

Answer 12

Acids that can donate more than one proton per molecule untill acid

Question 13

Amphiprotic substances

Answer 13

Substances that can act as either acids or bases, such as water

Question 14

Explain self ionisation in reagrds to water

Answer 14

Water ca react with itself as it can act as both an acid and a base.

Question 15

Explain the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid

Answer 15

• indicates how readily an acid donates protons
• stronf acids form large number of ions in water and form solutions that are good conductors of electricity
• Weak acids do not donate protons as readily
• As a result few ions are formed by reaction and resulting in poor electrical conductor.

Question 16

What does the pH scale range to

Answer 16

1-14

Question 17

what does pH equal

Answer 17

hydronium concentration

Question 18

OIL RIG

Answer 18

OIXIDATION
IS
LOSS
REDUCTION 
IS 
GAIN

Question 19

Oxdiant

Answer 19

Causes the oxidation of another substances and itself is reduced

Question 20

Reductant

Answer 20

is tha species that causes reduction of another substance and it itself is oxidised

Question 21

Summary of steps for balancing half-equations

Answer 21

1. write half equations for oxidation and reduction showing conjugate pairs.
2. Balance all elements expect hydrogen and oxygen
3. balance oxygen atoms by adding water
4. Balance hydrogen atoms where needed by adding H+
5. Balance charge by adding in electrons
6. Multiply each half equation that will lead to the same number of electrons in each half equation
7. Add the half equations and omit the electrons