What is valuation assertion?
Assets may be overvalued by inflating cost/valuation or by under charging depreciation
What is rights and obligations assertion?
Company might not own assets
What is existence assertion?
Assets may not exist or may have been sold
What is completeness assertion?
Omission of company assets
What is presentation and disclosure assertion?
Assets may be incorrectly presented in financial statements
What is existence inventory?
Non-existent inventory may be included in financial statements
What is inventory completeness?
Some existing inventory may not be included in financial statements
what is inventory valuation?
What is inventory cut off?
Sold inventory included in financial statements
What types of controls are there relating to inventory counts?
What is perpetual inventory counting?
Assurance providers ensure management is undertaking inventory counts annually
Mainly concerned with cut off
What are the sources of info on receivables?
What is direct confirmation of receivables covered by?
ISA 505
Are external confirmations compulsory for an audit?
No, provides evidence in relation to existence and rights and obligations
When should confirmation take place?
Immediately after year end
what is confirmation?
Act of the client which authorises 3rd parties to divulge info to the auditor
What are the 2 alternative methods used when a client refuses an auditor to send a confirmation request?
Positive method
Negative method
What occurs under the positive method?
Customer requested to give the balance or to confirm accuracy of balance shown
What occurs under the negative method?
Customer is requested to reply only if the amount stated is disputed
Method considered less reliable
What are the alternative procedures if it’s impossible to get confirmations from individual customers?
What are the sources of info relating to bank?
What does the testing of bank balances need to cover?
How can all elements be tested cirectly?
Through gaining 3rd party confirmations from client’s banks
What is the most commonly requested info?