DRUG ABUSE
Several major public health problems
Are opiates addictive?
Is a medicine the cause addiction, because have a hight probabilities that make a physical and psychological dependence.
Addiction paradox
says that people that are addicted don’t like to be addicted.
Agonist Drugs
the drug the bind a receptor and enhanced or increased cellular activity
Antagonist Drugs
the drug the bind a receptor and blocked cellular activity
Affinity
when a drug have affinity bind a receptor and fits pretty well, like a key into a lock.
Efficacy
when a drug bind a receptor is capable to activated and generate a biological response.
Stimulating septum
by Olds & Milner (1954)
Influencing dopamine in nucleus accumbens
- wanting vs liking
Persist due to brain changes, especially in NA
- After addiction, drug less dopamine in NA but drug cues more
dopamine - Repeated drug use makes NA less sensitive to other motivatio
Tolerance
as addiction develops, effects of
drug decrease.
tolerance is Learned
PREDISPOSITIONS depends of….
Gene x environment interactions (duh)
- Reduced activity in NA
* What is this important for?
- Anhedonia
- Negative interpretation bias
- Altered circadian rhythm
- Pain and stress
TRICYCLIC S
- Block transporter proteins that reabsorb
serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine - Lock transporters in place
- Also block histamine, ACh receptors, sodium
channels
Psychotherapy
- Similar treatment effects, lasts
longer - No side effects!
- ECT/Brain Stimulation
- Exercise and Sleep
B I P O L A R
D I S O R D E R
- Mania/hypomania
- Bipolar I, Bipolar II,
Cyclothymic Disorde
Treatment for Bipolar
is lithium salts
* Low dose =
ineffective; high
dose = toxic
