puberty
time between the first onrush of hormones and full adult physical development last 5yrs
menarche
girls 1st menstrual period signalling ovulation, is illregular for years
spermarche
boys 1st ejaculation of sperm
pitutary gland
that respond from the hypo which produces many sexual hormones
adrenal glands
2 glands above the kidneys that produce stress hormones. this responses to the pit gland
HPA axis
immediate response to stress.. from hypo-to pit to adrenal glands.
brain growth
maturation of pre frontal cortex, hpg axis( hypo-pit- to gorands) effects limbic system which is a direct hormonal influence of the amydala.
social pressures and stress are heightened at this time and the nucleus accumbles is more active this all effects decision making and risky behaviour.
estradiol
sex hormone and production of estrogen. females produce more.
testostrone
sex horomone (androgen) more produced in male
beginning of puberty
accretes from ages 8-14 and visible signs appear later…. if person has experienced stress puberty might have appeared earlier.. with that it tends to come with lower self esteem, poor body image, and being into older guys
secular trend
long term direction of onset puberty reveals this trend.
circadian rhythm
24 hour biological clock, and during adolescence they shift towards eveningness- tendency to stay up later and harder time waking up in the morning
growth spurt
sudden and rapid growth that occurs during puberty. not symmetrical. height-weight-muscles.
organ growth
lungs triple in size her, heart doubles, and skins becomes more oiler, sweater, and prone to acne.
primary sex characteristics
parts directly involved in reproduction such as uterus and testicles
secondary sex characteristics
parts indirectly involved such as breasts and facial hair
child sexual abuse
any erotic activity that arouses or excites a adult or a confused child.
