Chapter 14 Flashcards

Question

Dissociative identity disorder

Answer 1

Person seems to have two or more distinct personalities

Answer 2

• Paranoid • Schizoid • Schizotypal

Answer 3

* Antisocial * Borderline * Histrionic * Narcissistic

Answer 4

* Avoidant * Dependent * Obsessive- Compulsive

Answer 5

Point to repression of memories, seeing dissociation as a defense mechanism against anxiety

Answer 6

Trauma-related thought avoidance is negatively reinforced by reduction in anxiety and emotional pain

Answer 7

Lower than normal activity levels in areas responsible for body awareness; depersonalization disorder

Answer 8

Phobia: Irrational, persistent fear of an object, situation, or social activity • Socialanxietydisorder(social phobia): Fear of negative evaluation in social situations • Specific phobias: Fear of particular objects, situations, or events • Agoraphobia: Fear of place/situation from which escape is difficult or impossible

Answer 9

Panic attack: Sudden, intense panic; multiple physical and emotional symptoms Panic disorder: Frequent, disruptive panic attacks

Answer 10

• With DSM-5, this disorder is no longer classified as an anxiety disorder. – Now falls in the category of “Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders.” • Obsessive, recurring thoughts create anxiety. • Compulsive, ritualistic, repetitive behavior or mental acts reduce that anxiety.

Answer 11

Repressed urges and desires trying to come into consciousness, create anxiety that is controlled by the abnormal behavior or thinking

Answer 12

Disordered behavior learned through operant and classical conditioning techniques

Answer 13

Excessive anxiety comes from illogical, irrational thought processes

Answer 14

Nervous system dysfunction, genetic transmission

Answer 15

* BMI less than 18.5 in adults | * Vomiting, laxative abuse, food restriction, and excessive exercise used to control food intake

Answer 16

• Binging large quantities of food with attempts to rid self of food through inappropriate means

Answer 17

• Uncontrolled binge eating, but no attempts to purge or use inappropriate methods to avoid weight gain

Answer 18

* Adolescents and young adults are most at risk. * Eating disorders have been observed in non-Western cultures that are not focused on thinness. • Genetic components for eating disorders account for 40 to 60 percent of the risk for anorexia, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder.

Answer 19

Severely disordered thinking, bizarre behavior, inability to separate fantasy from reality

Answer 20

Excesses of, or additions to, normal behavior – Delusions: Unshakeable, false beliefs – Hallucinations: Seeing or hearing things that don’t exist

Answer 21

Less than, or an absence of, normal behavior – Poor attention – Flat affect: A lack of emotional responsiveness – Poor speech production

Answer 22

``` •Hallucinations • Confused speech • Inappropriate emotion • Social impairments ```

Answer 23

Periods of statue-like immobility mixed with bursts of wild, agitated movement and talking

Answer 24

Delusions of persecution, grandeur, and jealousy, together with hallucinations

Answer 25

* Positive symptoms appear to be associated with overactivity of dopamine areas of the brain; negative with lower dopamine activity * Genetics, brain structural defects have been implicated * Genetics supported by twin and adoption studies * Biological roots supported by universal lifetime prevalence across cultures of approximately 7–8 people out of 1,000 * Stress-vulnerability model: Suggests people with genetic markers for schizophrenia will not develop the disorder unless they are exposed to environmental or emotional stress at critical times in development

Answer 26

Persistent, rigid, maladaptive behavior interfering with normal social interaction

Answer 27

• Disorder is more common in men. Symptoms: • May habitually break the law, disobey rules, or tell lies with no regard for others’ feelings. * Indifferent, or able to rationalize taking advantage of or hurting others. * Disorder is more common in men.

Answer 28

* Moody * Unstable sense of identity * Clings to others * More common in women

Answer 29

COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL: Specific behaviors learned over time, associated with maladaptive belief systems GENETIC FACTORS: Biological relatives of people with personality disorders more likely to develop similar disorders STRESS TOLERANCE: Individuals with antisocial personality disorder are emotionally unreactive to stress or threat, and have lower than normal levels of stress hormones FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS: Linked to disturbances in family communications and relationships

Answer 30

* Depression * Agoraphobia * Simple phobia * Obsessive- compulsive disorder

Answer 31

* Substance abuse | * Antisocial personality disorder

Chapter 14 Flashcards

(55 cards)