Chapter 14 - Periodic table

Question 1

Physical properties of metals - 5

Answer 1

• high melting and boiling point
• high densities
• good conductor of electricity and heat
  -ductile
• malleable

Question 2

chemical properties of metals - 3

Answer 2

• good reducing agents
• forms basic oxides
• loses electrons to form positive ions (cations)

Question 3

physical properties of non metals - 5

Answer 3

• poor conductors of heat and electricity
• low densities
• low melting and boiling points
• brittle
  -usually coloured

Question 4

chemical properties of non metals - 3

Answer 4

• good oxidising agents
• gain electrons to form negative ions
• form acidic oxides

Question 5

how are the elements arranged in the periodic table

Answer 5

• by increasing proton numbers

Question 6

what are common between elements in the same group - 5

Answer 6

• same number of valence electrons
• forms ions with similar chemical formulae
• form compounds with similar formulae
• have the same chemical properties
• show gradual change in physical properties

Question 7

what are common between elements in the same period - 3

Answer 7

• same number of electron shells
• increase in proton number and valence electrons
• goes from metals to non metals

Question 8

important trend across the periodic table

Answer 8

from metal, transition metals to non metals their oxides change from basic to amphoteric to acidic

Question 9

physical properties of alkali metals - 4

Answer 9

• low densities
• low melting point
• good conductor of heat and electricity
• soft metals that can be cut with knife

Question 10

chemical properties of alkali metals - 4

Answer 10

• strong reducing agents
• they all lose 1 electron to form a cation with a plus charge
• very reactive so kept under oil
• they react with water to form metal hydroxides/ alkalis

Question 11

physical trends of alkali metals - 2

Answer 11

• boiling and melting point reduces down the group
• density increases down the group

Question 12

chemical trends of alkali metals - 1

Answer 12

• reactivity increases down the group

Question 13

physical properties of halogens - 4

Answer 13

• low melting and boiling point
• low density
• do not conduct electricity
• exists as diatomic molecules

Question 14

chemical properties of halogens - 4

Answer 14

• strong oxidising agents
• gain 1 electron to form negatively charged anions with a negative charge
• reacts with alkalis to form halides
• all form insoluble silver and lead salts

Question 15

physical trends of halogens - 4

Answer 15

• density increases down the group
• colour intensity increases down the group
• goes from solid to gas
• melting point and boiling point increases down the group

Question 16

chemical trends of halogens - 1

Answer 16

reactivity decreases down the group

Question 17

uses of flourine

Answer 17

used in toothpaste to prevent tooth decay

Question 18

uses of chlorine

Answer 18

added in water to kill bacteria

Question 19

physical properties of noble gases - 4

Answer 19

• very low melting and boiling points
  -very low densities
• do not conduct electricity and heat
• exists as monoatomic elements

Question 20

chemical properties of noble gases - 2

Answer 20

• chemically unreactive and stable because they have full valence electrons
• helium has a duplet structure while the rest have a oclet structure

Question 21

uses of helium

Answer 21

used to fill helium balloons

Question 22

uses of neon

Answer 22

used to fill advertising lights

Question 23

uses of argon

Answer 23

used to fill normal light bulbs as it prevent the oxidation of steel in the light bulb

Question 24

physical properties of transition metals - 4

Answer 24

• high melting and boiling point
• high densities
• good conductors of electricity and heat
• ductile and malleable

Question 25

chemical properties of transition metals - 3

Answer 25

- usually make good catalysts - form coloured compounds - have variable valencies

Question 26

uses of iron

Answer 26

catalyst in habers process

Question 27

uses of nickel

Answer 27

catalyst in hydrogenation of alkenes

Question 28

uses of maganese (IV) oxide

Answer 28

catalyst in decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

Question 29

chlorine gas bubled through pottassium iodide solution

Answer 29

colourless solution turns brown chlorine more reactive than iodine therefore it can displace iodine from pottassium chloride

Question 30

chlorine gas was pumped through potassium flouride

Answer 30

no visible reaction , solution remains colourless

Question 31

colour and state of flourine

Answer 31

gas and yellow

Question 32

colour and state of chlorine

Answer 32

gas and green

Question 33

colour and state of bromine

Answer 33

liquid and brown

Question 34

colour and state of iodine

Answer 34

solid and brown

Question 35

colour and state of astatine

Answer 35

solid and black

Question 36

what two halogen are reddish brown in aqueous state

Answer 36

bromine and iodine