Chapter 14.2

Question 1

How do small changes in DNA molecules affect human traits?

Answer 1

Changes in gene’s DNA sequence can change proteins by altering their amino acid sequences, which may directly affect one’s phenotype

Question 2

What are the effects of errors in meiosis?

Answer 2

If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis, gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes may result, leading to a disorder of chromosome numbers (example: trisomy 21 aka down syndrome)

Question 3

Nondisjunction

Answer 3

“not coming apart”- the most common error during meiosis where gametes are produced with an odd number of chromosomes.

example- extra x chromosome in males (making them XXY) resulting in Klinefelter’s Syndrome (causing sterile individuals)