CHAPTER 16

Question 0

Crane collapse most often occur when

Answer 0

They are overloaded, moved, assembled or disassembled

NOT DURING FIRES

Question 1

Burning buildings under construction are extremely dangerous to firefighters. What are the hazards

Answer 1

• The major life hazard during the day will be workers on upper floors, especially the crane operator in the cab of the crane
• The dried out formwork supporting the freshly poured floors creates a maze like layout
• Propane and coal may be used to heat concrete during the curing stage
• After work hours at night a fire will grow unnoticed into a large fire, and the major life hazard will be the firefighters. The hazard will be the fire and the collapse of the structure

Question 2

If you have a crane on top of a building under construction and the top of the building is on fire and the fire is spreading toward the crane you would be correct to order a collapse zone equal to

Answer 2

The height of the crane

Question 3

What are correct points concerning cast in place concrete buildings

Answer 3

• For a serious fire the strategy should be defensive, using outside large caliber streams
• After 27 days concrete reaches its maximum strength
• Construction engineers state that if the formwork has been burned away within 24 hours of pouring the entire concrete floor can collapse

Question 4

Construction site elevator hoist. Which one does the FDNY members use

Answer 4

Use the hoist designed for the workers. Not the hoist used to bring equipment up

Question 5

Firefighter equipment may be sent up the

Answer 5

Material car hoist

No members in this car

Question 6

Asbestos removal projects and fire protection systems in buildings under construction and renovation are important issues to firefighters. What are some correct statements

Answer 6

• The EPA requires a floor undergoing asbestos removal to be sealed tight and placed under a vacuum
• An asbestos contaminated building is required by the EPA to be completely enclosed in plywood on all sides

Question 7

Buildings under construction or demolition are designated

Answer 7

“Special Occupancy Structures” by the NFPA and statistically present the greatest danger to firefighters

Question 8

The worst type of crane collapse incident is when they

Answer 8

Fail and collapse on nearby buildings, both the building being worked on and adjacent buildings

Question 9

How can you protect a trapped crane operator

Answer 9

Master streams should be used

Question 10

What are the 2 different types of frameworks used for high rise structures

Answer 10

• Reinforced concrete

* Structural steel

Question 11

Cast In Place structures

Answer 11

• Experience the most serious fire and collapse hazard
• Suffer the greatest number of major fires in all buildings under construction
• Serious fires in these buildings most often involve the wooden formwork timbers
• Formwork has lightning fire spread capability creating large fires and floor collapse danger
• The strategy at these type of fires should be defensive using outside aerial master streams to protect exposure buildings from fire spread and extinguish the fire from a safe distance

Question 12

Construction engineers state that within _____ hours of pouring the entire concrete floor can collapse on firefighters if the wood formwork below is destroyed by fire

Answer 12

24 hour

The fire service believes this is an underestimation. A floor collapse can occur anytime during construction and can trigger a multilevel floor collapse of the entire building

Question 13

Experience shows the most serious fires and most serious collapse in a building under construction occur during a

Answer 13

Fire in the formwork

Question 14

Concrete spalling means

Answer 14

The collapse (failure) of the outer layers of concrete

Question 15

Spalling is caused by

Answer 15

The rapid heating of moisture inside the concrete

Question 16

What are the 2 types of concrete spalling

Answer 16

• Explosive
• Dropping

Explosive spalling propels concrete downward with an explosive force and is accompanied by a loud noise

Dropping spalling is similar to a plaster ceiling collapse

Question 17

Spalling concrete can kill or seriously injure a member

Answer 17

Whether it is explosive or not

Question 18

Shanties are require to be

Answer 18

• Non combustible
• At least 30 feet from the building under construction
• Cannot be grouped together

Question 19

The number 1 ignition source for shanty fires is

Answer 19

Portable heaters too close to combustibles. Illegal smoking, matches and careless cooking are also ignition sources

Question 20

Worker shanties should be considered a

Answer 20

Target Hazard

Question 21

The most serious fire at a construction site is the one involving the heavy fire load created by the

Answer 21

Combustible formwork used to support cast in place concrete floors

Question 22

In and around the lumberyard of formwork there are

Answer 22

Heaters to dry out the concrete. The entire floor containing the wood and heaters may be covered around the perimeter with plastic sheets to hold the heat. The heaters often ignite the nearby wood or plastic sheathing.

Question 23

Fires in wooden formwork

Answer 23

Will spread rapidly throughout the entire floor
Single hose line attach will be useless
Outside aerial master streams are recommended
All firefighters should be moved from the building

Question 24

The __________ structures experience the most serious fire and collapse hazard and suffer the greatest number of major fires of all buildings under construction

Answer 24

Cast in Place

Question 25

Serious fires in cast in place structures most often involve the

Answer 25

Wooden formwork timbers. This formwork has lightning fire spread creating large fires and floor collapse danger.

Question 26

The strategy at a fire involving the wooden formwork of cast in place structures should be

Answer 26

Defensive, using outside aerial master streams to protect exposure buildings from fire spread and extinguish the fire from a safe distance

Question 27

Can a fire in formwork be extinguished via a handling from a wooden ladder

Answer 27

No, This is useless

Question 28

Members ______use the material and equipment hoist even if that car is suggested by workers or a watchman

Answer 28

Should not

Question 29

If 2 elevator cars are present at a construction site the material and equipment car will be correctly identified by the following characteristics

Answer 29

* Supported by only 1 or 2 cables * Uses a bell system at each upper floor to signal to the ground operator to move the car. The bell signal sounds like the low air warning on our SCBA's * The material and equipment car has NO safety brakes

Question 30

If fire involves the wood formwork that is in place before the concrete is poured is the still a danger of collapse

Answer 30

Yes. Construction workers use very few nails or connectors when assembling the formwork structure because it must be reassembled many times for each new floor.

Question 31

If necessary firefighters should consult the _________ to determine the structural stability of the formwork

Answer 31

Construction shoring foreman. The timbers placed on top of each other and fitted together will collapse progressively if 1 or 2 strategically placed columns or legs are destroyed by fire