Chapter 16: Conservation

Question 1

define biodiversity

Answer 1

the variability among living organisms from all sources. This includes diversity within species, among species, and of ecosystems

Question 2

name some key justifications for biodiversity conservation

Answer 2

• moral and ethical responsibilities
• living organisms enrich our life
• ‘ecosystem services’ are provided by many spp
• living organisms allow ecosystems to adapt and change and are a source of materials that benefit humans.

Question 3

what are some benefits of the sea that do not have ‘true’ market value?

Answer 3

• storm protection from coral reefs
• CO2 control in atmosphere
• waste and nutrient removal or recycling

Question 4

what is the prioritization of sustainability on a global level?

Answer 4

-international decisions about the investment in combating threats such as climate change

Question 5

what is the prioritization of sustainability on regional and local scales?

Answer 5

-decide how scarce resources should be allocated to proactive and reactive conservation, and have these issues addressed.

Question 6

what are some measures of attributes when selecting sites for conservation?

Answer 6

• species diversity and rarity
• size of area
• representativeness
• naturalness
• cultural criteria
• vulnerability

Question 7

what does ‘whale mining’ infer?

Answer 7

that it’s not fished sustainably

Question 8

ICZM

Answer 8

integrated coastal zone management is a dynamic, multi-disciplinary and interactive process that promotes sustainable management of coastal waters and lands

Question 9

what are the non-biological resources in the sea and what are they used for?

Answer 9

hydrocarbons for fuel.

Sand and gravel used in buildings.

Question 10

who is responsible for making the ‘red list’?

Answer 10

-World Conservation Union (IUCN)

Question 11

Why do conservation actions often focus on treating the problems instead of planning for sustainability?

Answer 11

• focused on remediation rather than prevention

- too far gone

Question 12

What is the main purpose of the EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)?

Answer 12

to prevent, reduce, or offset any adverse impacts of each and every major development affecting the environment

Question 13

What makes systematic review methodology very important?

Answer 13

It provides policy makers with a high level of confidence in the reported findings and recommendations.