Chapter 16: periodic table

Question 1

Name the physical properties of alkali metals

Answer 1

• Soft and cut easily
• Low boiling/melting points
• Low densities (can float on water)

Question 2

Physical properties down group 1

Answer 2

• Melting/boiling point decreases
• Density increases

Question 3

Chemical properties of alkali metals

Answer 3

1) React with cold water to form alkali and hydrogen

2) Form ionic compounds

3) Gets increasingly reactive down the group
- Atom size increases
- Easier to lose valence electron

Question 4

Physical properties down group 7 (halogens)

Answer 4

• Melting/boiling points increase
• Colours get darker

Question 5

Chemical properties down group 7

Answer 5

1) Reactivity of halogens decreases down the group
- Atom size increase down the group
- Harder to attract one more electron

Question 6

Properties of noble gases

Answer 6

• Non-metal
• Monoatomic
• Colourless at room temperature
• Low melting/boiling points
• Insoluble in water
• Unreactive due to full valence electron shell

Question 7

Properties of transition metals

Answer 7

1) High melting points/boiling points/densities

2) Variable oxidation states
(essentially ions with different charges)

3) Form coloured compounds
- Colour differs between hydrated and anhydrous compounds

4) Good catalysts
- Speeds up chemical reactions, remains unchanged at the end of the reaction