chapter 17

Question 1

CRUDE OIL / PETROLEUM

Answer 1

• THICK LIQUID CONTAINING HYDROCARBONS, SULFUR, OXYGEN AND NITROGEN
• EXTRACTED FROM UNDERGROUND DEPOSITS ANS SEPARATED TO MAKE PRODUCTS SUCH AS GASOLINE, HEATING OIL AND ASPHALT.

Question 2

REFINERY

Answer 2

• PLACE WHERE CRUDE OIL IS HEATED AND DISTILLED.

- REFINING OIL DECREASES ITS NET ENERGY YIELD

Question 3

CONVENTIONAL OIL (LIGHT OIL)

Answer 3

• OIL THAT PROVIDES ABOUT A THIRD OG THE ENERGY USED TODAY
• USED TO HEAT HOMES,RUN MOTOR VEHICLES AND IS A COMPONENT IN SOME FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES
• PRODUCES AIR POLLUTION (-)

Question 4

HEAVY CRUDE OIL

Answer 4

-REAMINING OIL DEPOSIT THAT IS TOO DIFFICULT OR EXPENSIVE TO RECOVER

Question 5

PETROCHEMICALS

Answer 5

• PRODUCT OF OIL DISTILLATION

- USED IN MANUFACTURING PESTICIDES, PLASTICS, SYNTHETIC FIBERS, PAINTS, AND MEDICINES.

Question 6

OIL SAND / TAR SAND

Answer 6

-MIXTURE OF CLAY, SAND, WATER AND BITUMEN (HEAVY OIL W HIGH SULFUR CONTENT)

Question 7

SHALE OIL

Answer 7

• OIL SHALE: FINE GRAINED SEDIMENTARY ROCK THAT CONTAINS KEROGEN (MIXTURE OF COMBUSTIBLE HYDROCARBONS)*
• MADE BY HEATING OIL SHALE ROCK and increasing the rate if flow and remove sulfur, nitrogen and other impurities.

Question 8

CONVENTIONAL NATURAL GAS

Answer 8

-LIES ABOVE CRUDE OIL RESERVOIRS

Question 9

UNCONVENTIONAL NATURAL GAS

Answer 9

• FOUND IN METHANE HYDRATE AND OTHER UNCONVENTIONAL NATURAL GAS SPOTS
• VERY EXPENSIVE TO EXTRACT THE NATURAL GAS FROM THESE AREAS

Question 10

LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG)

Answer 10

• NATURAL GAS AT A VERY LOW TEMPERATURE COULD BE CONVERTED INTO LNG.
• HIGHLY FLAMMABLE

Question 11

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG)

Answer 11

-PROPANE AND BUTANE GASES ARE LIQUEFIED AND REMOVED AS LPG

Question 12

LIGHT WATER REACTORS

Answer 12

-PRODUCE ABOUT 85% OF THE WORLD’S NUCLEAR GENERATED ELECTRICITY

Question 13

URANIUM OXIDE FUEL

Answer 13

-97% UNRANUIM 238 AND 3% URANUIM 235 (FISSONABLE)

Question 14

CONTROL RODS

Answer 14

• MADE OF NEUTRON-ABSORBING MATERIALS

- ABOSRB NEUTRONS IN ORDER TO REGULATE THE RATE OF FISSION AND THE AMT OF POWER THE REACTOR USES

Question 15

HIGH LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES

Answer 15

• GIVE OFF LARGE AMTS OF RADIATION FOR A SHORT TIME OR SMALL AMTS FOR A LONG TIME

EXMAPLES: FUEL RODS

Question 16

LOW LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES

Answer 16

-GIVE OFF SMALL AMOUNTS OF RADIATION AND MUST BE STORED SAFELY IN ORDER FOR IT TO DECAY.

Question 17

COAL GASIFICATION

Answer 17

CONVERSION OF SOIL COAL TO SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS

Question 18

COAL LIQUEFICATION

Answer 18

CONVERSION OF SOILD COAL TO A LIQUID HYDROCARBON FUEL SUCH AS SYNTHETIC GASOLINE OR METHANOL

Question 19

SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS

Answer 19

GASEOUS FUEL CONTAINING MOSTLY METHANE PRODUCED FROM SOILD COAL