Chapter 18 - Endocrine System

Question 1

Hormones

Answer 1

• 30 chemical messengers secreted into bloodstream
• stimulate responses in distant targets
• secreted by endocrine glands or specialized cells in other organs
• works with nervous system to control and coordinate body processes

Question 2

Endocrine Glands

Answer 2

• ductless
• secrete internally
• e.g. pituitary gland, thyroid gland

Question 3

Exocrine Glands

Answer 3

• have ducts
• secrete onto epithelial surface of duct
• e.g. sweat and salivary glands

Question 4

Compared to the Nervous System, the Endocrine System…

Answer 4

• effects tend to be slower, more sustained
• affect wider variety of more distant targets
• two systems coordinate (“neuroendocrine cells”)

Question 5

Organs of the Endocrine System

Answer 5

• Pineal Gland
• Hypothalamus
• Pituitary Gland
• Thyroid Gland
• Parathyroid Gland
• Adreanal Glands
• Pancrease

Question 6

Organs with Secondary Endocrine Function

Answer 6

• Thymus
• Heart
• Liver
• Kidney
• Intestine
• Gonads
• Skin

Question 7

Hypothalamus

Answer 7

• flattened funnel shape, above and behind optic chiasm
• Releases oxytocin (OT) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
• Secretes regulatory hormones, control anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
• Neural control over primitive functions of the body