Formula for cash return on capital employed
Cash generated from operations / capital employed x 100%
Formula for cash generated from operations to total debt
cash generated from operations / long term borrowings x 100%
Formula for net cash from operating activities to capital expenditure
Net cash from operating activities / net capital expenditure
Organisational ecosystem
Complex web of interdependent enterprises and relations aimed at creating and allocating business value.
Data analytics.
Examining data to extract meaning and draw conclusions
Big data
High volume, high velocity and high variety information - allows for enhanced insight, decision making and process automation
Gardner data - 4 types
Descriptive what
Diagnostic why
Predictive What will
Prescriptive what to do