Chapter 19 - integument

Question 1

Describe the general structure of the integument

Answer 1

epidermis: superficial layer of stratified squamous epithelium.
dermis: deeper layer of areola and dense irregular connective tissue.

Question 2

Identify the varied functions of the integument

Answer 2

protection, prevention of water loss, temperature and metabolic regulation, immune defence, sensory reception, excretion/secretion.

Question 3

Describe the structure and composition of the Stratum basale

Answer 3

deepest layer that contains;
Keratinocytes: produce keratin which provides strength and water resistance.
Melanocytes: produces pigment that absorbs some UV light to prevent DNA damage.
Tactile cells: sense touch

Question 4

Describe the organisation and function of the layers of the dermis

Answer 4

The papillary layer is made of areola connective tissue. it contains tactile receptors as well as capillaries that supply nutrients to the avascular epidermal cells.

the reticular layer made of dense irregular connective tissue, contain lots of collagen fibres that help connect the dermis to the hypodermis

Question 5

Describe a function of the integument system and how it carries out
this function

Answer 5

• Dermis – capillary networks and sweat glands
• Too hot…
• Blood vessel diameter increases and blood flow icreases so warmth dissipates
• Sweat glands > water vapour > evaporation > body cools
• Too cold…
• Blood vessel diameter decrease, blood flow decreases warmth conserved
• Blood shunted to deeper body tissues