Chapter 19 - The Cold War

Question 1

Causes of the Cold War (4)

Answer 1

• Different political systems
• USSR made satellite States at the end of WW1
• Truman Doctrine: Stop spread of communism
• Marshall Plan/Aid

Question 2

Why was Germany divided?

Answer 2

Because they were not sure what to do. It was split in 4 and then Berlin was split in 4 again.

Question 3

What caused the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 3

America, France and Britain wanted a common currency - the Deutschmark. Soviet Union suspected they were pushing the unification of Germany (didn’t want)

Question 4

What started the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 4

All land and water routes from West Germany to Berlin closed

Question 5

Describe the Airlift

Answer 5

• Western Allies airlifted food to West Berlin
• Planes landing in Templehof every 3 minutes
• Tinned food, hot water bottles, goats

Question 6

Why did the Berlin Blockade end?

Answer 6

The weather stayed nice so the planes kept coming from West Germany. It ended at midnight, 12 May 1949

Question 7

What are the consequences of the Berlin Blockade? (3)

Answer 7

1. FDR formed (Western Allies) and GDR formed (Soviet Union)
2. NATO set up (Western Allies) and Warsaw Pact (Soviet Union)
3. Berlin Wall - Between East and West Berlin

Question 8

What was the 38th parallel?

Answer 8

A line dividing the Communist North and Democratic South of Korea.

Question 9

Who were the leaders of North and South Korea?

Answer 9

North: Kim Il Sung
South: Syngman Rhee

Question 10

Describe the Korean War

Answer 10

1. North invades South to Pusan Pocket
2. South w/ UN pushes North back to the Yalu River
3. North w/ Chinese push South over the 38th Parallel
4. Peace talks led to a Cease Fire Line

Question 11

What are the results of the Korean War?

Answer 11

• Cold War spread to Asia
• 4 million dead (2 million were citizens)
• UN proved they had a good army
• Korea remains divided. Relations are still bad

Question 12

What was peaceful co-existence?

Answer 12

A policy by Khrushchev to enable capitalism and communism to co-exist

Question 13

What are the superpowers?

Answer 13

The two most powerful countries in the world - USA and USSR

Question 14

What is the Iron Curtain?

Answer 14

Division line between Western European democracies and Eastern European communist countries

Question 15

What is the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 15

American policy to counter the spread of communism during the Cold War

Question 16

What was Marshall Aid?

Answer 16

Aid from America to help countries rebuild after WW1

Question 17

What was Glasnost?

Answer 17

Policy by Gorbachev which allowed people criticise the communist system

Question 18

What was Perestroika?

Answer 18

Policy by Gorbachev aimed at rebuilding the economy of the Soviet Union