Communication between vegetation managers, contractors, supervisors, and workers should be both ____ and _____.
written, verbal
Long-term planning is _____, while short-term planning _____.
strategic, tactical
______ are documents that describe, instruct, and direct work results.
Specifications
Research has shown that trees are more likely to cause outages on _____-phase lines then on _____-phase lines.
three, single
A results-based strategy designed to target trees as close as possible to the time they interfere with facilities is know as ___-__-_____ management.
just-in-time
A ____ ______ structure is a prioritized outline of job components that must be completed for a successful project outcome.
work breakdown
For most utilities, vegetation management departments are considered ____ _____ that do not generate income.
cost centers
Purchases of equipment or line construction are considered _____ expenses, whereas supply purchases or salaries are considered _____ expenses.
capital, operating
Time and material contracts, which are based on hourly rates for labor and equipment, are generally ____ risk for contractors and ___high risk for utilities.
low, high
____ ____ contracts are gaining popularity because the responsibility for productivity, work planning, and scheduling rests with the contractor.
Unit price
Depreciation can be either _____-____ in which costs are spread out over the lifetime of an item, or _______ in which the amount of depreciation taken is higher immediately after the purchase of an item.
straight-line, accelerated
What are the approaches to work planning?
Cycle-based, results-based, crisis management
SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool and an acronym, meaning:
Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats
Relative to the cost of routine maintenance, reactive maintenance can cost:
five times as much
What components are apart of the constraint triangle?
Time, Cost, Scope
With respect to personnel management, what is the most common reason that people leave jobs?
Treatment from supervisors
Preventative maintenance
Performed before an occurrence (such as a tree-caused service interruption)
Reactive maintenance
Happens in response to an occurrence
Predictive maintenance
Directs resources based on actual field conditions (also known as “on-condition maintenance”)
Mid-cycle pruning
Process where trees growing significantly faster than most other trees are pruned at approximately half the scheduled maintenance cycle length, enabling a longer interval for slower growing trees
Hotspotting
Process by which limited tree work is scheduled on a specific area of the network where shorts or outages are occurring
Grid work
Distribution work cycle performed within a specified geographic boundary
Circuit work
Completing all necessary line clearance on a feeder or circuit basis
Constraint triangle
Depiction of the concept of triple constraint in project management consisting of time, cost, and scope
