methodical selection of a set of complimentary action for the purpose of pursuing a goal
Planning
Two kinds of planning
LRP - long-range plans
SRP - short-range plans
Qualities of a good planner
- Good judgment, imagination, foresight and experience
- Ability to evaluate laboratory opportunities and hazards
- Proficiency in determining objectives
- Ability to accept changes
Values derived from planning
- The achievement of the objective of the organization in the most efficient and economical manner
- The use of efficient methods and the development of standards necessary for accurate control.
- Integration of activities of the different units in the organization toward goal-directed actions.
- The reduction of emergency and unexpected problems
Indicators of poor planning
- Late submission of results / reports
- Idle machines
- Materials wasted
- Some machines doing jobs that should be done by smaller machines
- Some laboratory personnel overworked, others are underworked
- Skilled workers doing unskilled work
- Laboratory personnel fumbling on jobs for which they have not been trained
- Quarreling, bickering, and confusion
Benefits of good planning
- Jobs turn out on time
- Good relationship with other departments
- People using their highest skills
- Workers know how their jobs fit into the total pattern
- Machines doing their proper jobs
- Equipment in good shape
- Materials available
- Waste kept to a minimum
First step in laboratory planning
Management by Objectives (MBO)
MBO encourages:
- discussion
- interaction
- consensus decision-making
Hierarchy of Plans
- Purpose or mission
- Objectives or goals
- Strategies
- Policies
- Procedures
- Rules
- Programs
- Budget
Planning:
Strategic and Tactical
-It is concerned with the identification of the mission and setting objectives
Strategic Planning
-It is a function of the upper supervisory personnel with final authority and responsibility vested in the laboratory director
Strategic Planning
Implies action and deals with the method(s) for achieving the goals identified in the strategic planning process.
Tactical Planning
It often requires an operational or technical skill and is generally a logical responsibility of the supervisory staff.
Tactical Planning
Identification of goals
Strategic
Methods to accomplish the goals
Tactical
Planning the Laboratory Design
- Laboratory director and the entire laboratory staff- in order to prevent misunderstanding all recommendations and changes must be documented in writing.
- Consultants or designers of laboratories
- Architects or architectural firm - they are essential in preparing the various drawing and contractor for construction.
- Contractor construct facility
predetermined course of action intended to facilitate the accomplishment of a task
Plan
