Basic Ethical Principles
a. _____
- This principle refers to every individual’s right to SELF-DETERMINATION, INDEPENDENCE, AND FREEDOM to make their own choices.
- It’s primarily concerned with a practitioner’s ethical obligation to RESPECT A CLIENT’S RIGHT TO MAKE DECISIONS about their own health.
Autonomy
a.1.Rights of the Patients
- _____
- Every person has a right to HEALTH AND MEDICAL CARE that is appropriate to their health condition, without discrimination, and within the limits of available resources, manpower, and competence.
- Patients have the right to GOOD QUALITY HEALTH AND MEDICAL CARE. - _____
- Patients have a right to a CLEAR, TRUTHFUL, AND SUBSTANTIAL EXPLANATION of all proposed procedures (diagnostic, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, or therapeutic) in a language they can understand.
- The person performing the procedure must provide their NAME AND CREDENTIALS.
- The explanation must include the POSSIBILITIES OF ANY RISK OF MORTALITY OR SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS, problems related to recuperation, and the probability of success and reasonable risks involved.
- Patients cannot be subjected to a procedure without WRITTEN INFORMED CONSENT.
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The following persons in the order of priority stated hereunder, may give consent:
a) _____
b) _____
c) _____
d) _____
e) _____
Right to Appropriate Medical Care and Humane Treatment
Right to Informed Consent
a) spouse
b) son or daughter of legal age
c) either parent
d) brother or sister of legal age
e) guardian
- _____
- Patient privacy must be ASSURED AT ALL STAGES OF TREATMENT.
- Patients have the right to be FREE FROM UNWARRANTED PUBLIC EXPOSURE. - _____
- During treatment and hospital care, the patient or their legal guardian has a right to be INFORMED OF THE EVALUATION RESULTS REGARDING THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF THEIR DISEASE and any other contemplated medical or surgical procedures.
- Patients have the right to EXAMINE AND BE GIVEN AN ITEMIZED BILL for hospital and medical services.
- They also have the right to be informed of their CONTINUING HEALTH CARE REQUIREMENTS after discharge, including instructions on home medications, diet, physical activity, and other pertinent information to promote their well-being.
- At the end of confinement, a patient is entitled to a BRIEF, WRITTEN SUMMARY OF THEIR ILLNESS.
Right to Privacy and Confidentiality
Right to Information
- _____
- A patient is FREE TO CHOOSE THEIR HEALTH CARE PROVIDER AND FACILITY. This right can be waived in writing or may not apply if the patient is under the care of a service facility or when public health and safety demand otherwise.
- _____
- Patients have the right to AVAIL THEMSELVES OF ANY RECOMMENDED DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT PROCEDURES.
- A person of LEGAL AGE and SOUND MIND can make an ADVANCE WRITTEN DIRECTIVE for physicians to administer terminal care if they suffer from a terminal illness, provided they are informed of the medical consequences of their choice, they release those involved from any obligation, and their decision won’t harm public health and safety.
The Right to Choose HealthCare Provider and Facility
Right to Self-Determination
- _____
- Patients have the right to REFUSE MEDICAL TREATMENT OR PROCEDURES that conflict with their religious beliefs.
- This right is subject to limitations and cannot be imposed by parents on a minor in a life-threatening situation as determined by a physician.
- _____
- Patients are entitled to a SUMMARY OF THEIR MEDICAL HISTORY AND CONDITION.
- They have the right to VIEW THE CONTENTS OF THEIR MEDICAL RECORDS with their physician explaining the contents, with the exception of psychiatric notes and other incriminating third-party information.
- At their own expense, a patient can get a REPRODUCTION OF THEIR RECORD from the healthcare institution upon discharge, even if they haven’t fully settled their financial obligations.
Right to Religious Belief
Right to Medical Records
- _____
- Patients have the right to LEAVE THE HOSPITAL OR ANY OTHER HEALTHCARE INSTITUTION, regardless of their physical condition.
- This is provided that they are informed of the medical consequences, they release those involved from any obligation related to their decision, and their decision won’t harm public health and safety.
- _____
- A patient has the right to be advised if a healthcare provider plans to involve them in MEDICAL RESEARCH, INCLUDING HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION.
- This can only be performed with the patient’s WRITTEN INFORMED CONSENT.
Right to Leave
Right to Refuse Participation In Medical Research
- _____
- Patients have the right to COMMUNICATE WITH RELATIVES AND OTHERS and to receive visitors, subject to the institution’s reasonable rules and regulations.
- _____
- A patient has the right to express complaints and grievances about their care without fear of discrimination or reprisal and to know how those complaints are handled.
- _____
- Every person has the right to be informed of their rights and obligations as a patient.
Right to Correspondence and to Receive Visitors
Right to Express Grievances
Right to be Informed of His Rights and Obligations as a Patient
a.2. Patient’s Bill of Rights
Patients’ Bill of Rights: _____
“An Act Proclaiming the Rights and Obligations of Patients, Providing a Grievance Mechanism Thereof and for other Purposes”
Also known as the “_____”
Senate Bill No. 1402
Magna Carta of Patient’s Rights and Obligations Act of 2017
_____: The patients SHALL FULFIL the OBLIGATIONS and RESPONSIBILITIES regarding his/her medical care and/or personal behavior.
SEC 6. The Obligations of Patients
a.3 Patient’s Obligations
- _____
- The PATIENT must ensure they KNOW and UNDERSTAND THEIR RIGHTS as a PATIENT and EXERCISE THEM RESPONSIBLY. - _____
- PATIENTS must provide, to the best of their knowledge, ADEQUATE, ACCURATE, AND COMPLETE INFORMATION about their HEALTH, including MEDICATIONS, MEDICAL HISTORY, PAST PROBLEMS, AND TREATMENTS. - _____
- The PATIENT must REPORT UNEXPECTED CHANGES to their CONDITION OR SYMPTOMS, including PAIN, to their HEALTHCARE PROVIDER. - _____
- PATIENTS must ensure they UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE AND COST of any proposed TREATMENT OR PROCEDURE before accepting it. They should INSIST ON EXPLANATIONS until they are ADEQUATELY INFORMED. - _____
- The patient must ACCEPT ALL THE CONSEQUENCES OF THEIR INFORMED CONSENT. If they refuse treatment or don’t follow instructions, they must accept the consequences and relieve the healthcare provider of any liability.
a.3 Patient’s Obligations
KPRUA
- Know Rights
- Provide Adequate, Accurate and Complete Information
- Report Unexpected Health Changes
- Understand the Purpose and Cost of Treatment
- Accept the Consequences of Own Informed Consent
a.3 Patient’s Obligations
_____: The PATIENT must ensure their FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS for HEALTHCARE SERVICES are FULFILLED AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE and make arrangements for any UNPAID BILLS.
_____: The PATIENT is OBLIGATED TO RESPECT THE RIGHTS and WELL-BEING of HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS, INSTITUTIONS, AND OTHER PATIENTS. They must FOLLOW the institution’s POLICIES, RULES, AND REGULATIONS.
_____: The PATIENT should REFRAIN from UNHEALTHY FOOD, ADDICTIVE SUBSTANCES like TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL, and RECKLESS LIFESTYLES. They are OBLIGATED TO MAINTAIN A STATE OF WELLNESS.
SRO
- Settle Financial Obligations.
- Respect the Rights of Health Care Providers, Health Care Institutions and Other Patients
- Obligation to Self
a.3 Patient’s Obligations
_____: The PATIENT must have ADEQUATE HEALTH INFORMATION to actively PARTICIPATE in their DIAGNOSTIC and TREATMENT PLANS. When they sign an INFORMED CONSENT, it is assumed they have the NECESSARY INFORMATION.
_____: The PATIENT must SUBMIT GRIEVANCES to the PROPER AUTHORITIES and not resort to UNWARRANTED PUBLICITY. They should not DISCLOSE any alleged COMPLAINT against a HEALTHCARE PROVIDER or INSTITUTION to the PUBLIC if it has not been fully decided by a COURT.
_____: The PATIENT is OBLIGATED not to BREACH PRIVILEGED COMMUNICATION, especially if it involves a THIRD PARTY.
_____: While a PATIENT can CHOOSE their PHYSICIAN, they are also OBLIGATED to RESPECT a PHYSICIAN’S DECISION to REFUSE TO TREAT them.
PRER
- Provide Adequate Health Information and Actively Participate in his/her Treatment
- Respect the Right to Privacy of Health Care Providers and Institutions.
- Exercise Fidelity on Privileged Communication
- Respect a Physician’s Refusal to Treat Him
a.3 Patient’s Obligations
_____: A PATIENT is OBLIGATED to RESPECT a PHYSICIAN’S RELIGIOUS BELIEFS when it comes to MEDICAL DECISIONS. If the PATIENT is a MINOR or LEGALLY INCAPACITATED, their LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES are also OBLIGATED to RESPECT the PHYSICIAN’S DECISION, even if it CONFLICTS with their own RELIGIOUS BELIEFS.
_____: The PATIENT is OBLIGATED to ENSURE THE INTEGRITY AND AUTHENTICITY of their MEDICAL RECORDS. ALTERING these records is a CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
_____: The PATIENT is OBLIGATED to PARTICIPATE in the TRAINING OF FUTURE PHYSICIANS, provided they are given the NECESSARY INFORMATION and ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS are followed.
_____: PATIENT must IMMEDIATELY REPORT any PERCEIVED OR ALLEGED VIOLATION of their RIGHTS through PROPER CHANNELS to promote MUTUAL TRUST.
REPR
- Respect the Physician’s Decision on Medical Reasons based on his/her Religious Beliefs
- Ensure Integrity and Authenticity of Medical Records
- Participate in the Training of Competent Future Physicians
- Report Infractions and Exhaust Grievance Mechanism.
a.2. Patient’s Bill of Rights
_____: Every PERSON has a RIGHT to a CONTINUITY OF GOOD QUALITY HEALTH CARE without DISCRIMINATION and within the limits of the RESOURCES, MANPOWER, AND COMPETENCE available for HEALTH AND MEDICAL CARE.
_____: PATIENT’S DIGNITY, CULTURE AND VALUE shall be RESPECTED AT ALL TIMES in MEDICAL CARE AND TEACHING.
_____: Every PERSON has the RIGHT TO BE INFORMED of his RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS as a PATIENT.
_____: The PATIENT is FREE TO CHOOSE the services of a PHYSICIAN OR HEALTH INSTITUTION of his choice except when he chooses to be confined in a CHARITY WARD.
_____: The PATIENT has a RIGHT TO SELF-DETERMINATION and to MAKE FREE DECISIONS regarding HIMSELF/HERSELF, however, the ATTENDING PHYSICIAN shall INFORM the PATIENT of the CONSEQUENCES of his/her DECISIONS.
GDICI
a. Right to Good Quality Health Care and Humane Treatment
b. Right to Dignity
c. Right to be Informed of His Rights and Obligations as a Patient
d. Right to Choose His Physician/ Health Institution
e. Right to Informed Consent
a.2. Patient’s Bill of Rights
_____: The PATIENT has the RIGHT TO REFUSE DIAGNOSTIC AND MEDICAL TREATMENT PROCEDURES, provided that the following conditions are satisfied:
i. The PATIENT is of LEGAL AGE and is MENTALLY COMPETENT;
ii. The PATIENT is INFORMED of the medical CONSEQUENCES OF HIS/HER REFUSAL;
iii. The PATIENT RELEASES those involved in his care from any OBLIGATION relative to the CONSEQUENCES of his/her DECISION; and
iv. The PATIENT’S REFUSAL WILL NOT JEOPARDIZE PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY.
_____: The PATIENT has the RIGHT TO BE ADVISED of PLANS TO INVOLVE HIM/HER IN MEDICAL RESEARCH that may AFFECT the CARE OR TREATMENT of his/her CONDITION.
_____: The PATIENT has the RIGHT TO RECEIVE SPIRITUAL AND MORAL COMFORT, including the HELP OF A PRIEST OR MINISTER of his/her CHOSEN RELIGION.
_____: The PATIENT has the RIGHT TO PRIVACY and PROTECTION from UNWARRANTED PUBLICITY.
_____: The PATIENT or his/her LEGAL GUARDIAN has the RIGHT TO BE INFORMED of the RESULT OF THE EVALUATION of the NATURE AND EXTENT of his/her DISEASE.
RRRPD
f. Right to Refuse Diagnostic and Medical Treatment
g. Right to Refuse Participation in Medical Research
h. Right to Religious Belief and Assistance
i. Right to Privacy and Confidentiality
j. Right to Disclosure of, and Access to, Information
a.2. Patient’s Bill of Rights
_____: The PATIENT has the RIGHT TO COMMUNICATE with his/her RELATIVES AND OTHER PERSONS and to RECEIVE VISITORS subject to REASONABLE LIMITS prescribed by the RULES AND REGULATIONS of the HEALTH CARE INSTITUTION.
_____: The HEALTH CARE INSTITUTION and the PHYSICIAN shall ENSURE AND SAFEGUARD the INTEGRITY AND AUTHENTICITY of the MEDICAL RECORDS.
_____: Every PERSON has the RIGHT TO HEALTH EDUCATION that will ASSIST him in MAKING INFORMED CHOICES about PERSONAL HEALTH and about AVAILABLE HEALTH SERVICES.
_____: The PATIENT has the RIGHT TO LEAVE a HOSPITAL or any other HEALTH CARE INSTITUTION regardless of his PHYSICAL CONDITION.
_____: Every PATIENT has the RIGHT TO EXPRESS VALID COMPLAINTS AND GRIEVANCES about the CARE AND SERVICES RECEIVED and to KNOW THE DISPOSITION of such COMPLAINTS, in accordance with SECTIONS 7–8 of this ACT.
CMHLE
k. Right to Correspondence and to Receive Visitors
l. Right to Medical Records
m. Right to Health Education
n. Right to Leave Against Medical Advice
o. Right to Express Grievances
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Chapter 126
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Chapter 2: Lesson 1 (ETHICAL THEORIES, OTHER RELATED THEORIES AND VIRTUE ETHICS)18
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Chapter 2: Lesson 2 ( BASIC ETHICAL PRINCIPLES AND OTHER RELEVANT ETHICAL PRINCIPLES)16
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Chapter 2: Lessons 2.213
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Chapter 2: Lesson 313
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Chapter 417
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Chapter 518
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Chapter 6 (Lesson 1)15
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Chapter 6 (Lesson 2)6
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Chapter 6 (Lesson 3)3
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Chapter 728
