Chapter 2 - Mitosis stages

Question 1

Prophase

Answer 1

Pro = first

• Chromatin threads condense into chromosomes
• Nuclear membrane breaks down (nucleolus disappears)
• Spindle fibres begin to form, completed by end of prophase, attaching to each chromosome at centromere
• Centrosomes move to poles

Question 2

Metaphase

Answer 2

Meta = Middle

• Chromosomes move to equator (metaphase plate)
• Centromeres aligned on equator
• Centrioles located at poles

Question 3

Anaphase

Answer 3

Ana = away

• Spindle fibres pull new chromosomes to poles, sister chromatids separate
• Each pole has identical sets of maternal and paternal chromosomes (genetic material double during S phase)
• Sister chromatids now referred to as chromosomes

Question 4

Telophase

Answer 4

Telo = Two

• Chromosomes form chromatin
• Two nuclear membranes form (for each daughter)
• Nucleoli reappear
• Cell elongates, cleavage furrow forms to become ready for cytokinesis